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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Infect Dis / Antitoxin levels in botulism patients treated with trivalent...
The Journal of infectious diseases1984; 150(3); 407-412; doi: 10.1093/infdis/150.3.407

Antitoxin levels in botulism patients treated with trivalent equine botulism antitoxin to toxin types A, B, and E.

Abstract: Serum levels of equine-botulism antitoxin to toxin types A, B, and E were measured in four type-A botulism patients who had received equine-botulism antitoxin. High circulating levels capable of neutralizing in excess of 1 X 10(8), 9 X 10(7), and 6 X 10(6) 50% mouse lethal doses of toxin of types A, B, and E, respectively, were detected. There was little depletion of type-A antitoxin even though two of the patients had circulating type-A toxin before treatment. The half-life for antitoxin persistence for one patient was calculated as being 6.5, 7.6, and 5.3 days for antitoxin types A, B, and E, respectively. Antitoxin levels were not proportionate to the amount (range, 2-4 vials) injected and did not appear to be affected by whether the route of administration was iv or im. Peak serum levels of antitoxin were 10-1,000 times higher than amounts needed to neutralize the toxin measured in the serum of these and other patients with botulism.
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Publication Date: 1984-09-01 PubMed ID: 6481185DOI: 10.1093/infdis/150.3.407Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article examines the serum levels of equine-botulism antitoxin to toxin types A, B, and E in patients who have been treated for type-A botulism with the antitoxin. It observes that high levels of circulating antitoxin were detected in patients, regardless of the administration route of the antitoxin. They also found that antitoxin levels were much higher than necessary to neutralize the toxin in patients with botulism.

Study Design and Participants

  • The study concentrated on four patients suffering from type-A botulism who were treated with equine-botulism antitoxin.

Methods and Measurement

  • Researchers measured serum levels of antitoxin to toxin types A, B, and E.
  • The study identified high circulating levels capable of neutralizing significant amounts of each toxin type in the patients’ bodies.
  • The study also calculated the half-life for antitoxin persistence, which refers to how long the antitoxin remains effective within the patient’s system.

Findings

  • The researchers discovered that there was minimal depletion of type-A antitoxin, even in two patients who had circulating type-A toxin before treatment started.
  • Antitoxin levels did not seem to correlate with the amount of antitoxin administered (ranging from 2-4 vials).
  • The mode of administration (intra-vascular or intramuscular) of the antitoxin didn’t appear to impact the antitoxin levels.
  • At peak levels, the serum antitoxin was found to exceed the necessary quantity needed to counteract the toxin by a factor of 10 to 1000 times.

Implications

  • These findings underscore the effectiveness of equine-botulism antitoxin in treating patients with type-A botulism, as well as its longevity once administered.
  • The research highlights the need for further examination to determine the optimal dosages and administration methods for equine-botulism antitoxin, as current practices may result in higher-than-needed levels of antitoxin in patients.

Cite This Article

APA
Hatheway CH, Snyder JD, Seals JE, Edell TA, Lewis GE. (1984). Antitoxin levels in botulism patients treated with trivalent equine botulism antitoxin to toxin types A, B, and E. J Infect Dis, 150(3), 407-412. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/150.3.407

Publication

The Journal of infectious diseases
ISSN: 0022-1899
NlmUniqueID: 0413675
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 150
Issue: 3
Pages: 407-412

Researcher Affiliations

Hatheway, C H
    Snyder, J D
      Seals, J E
        Edell, T A
          Lewis, G E

            MeSH Terms

            • Botulinum Antitoxin / administration & dosage
            • Botulinum Antitoxin / analysis
            • Botulinum Antitoxin / classification
            • Botulinum Antitoxin / therapeutic use
            • Botulism / blood
            • Botulism / therapy
            • Female
            • Half-Life
            • Humans
            • Injections, Intramuscular
            • Injections, Intravenous
            • Male

            Citations

            This article has been cited 32 times.
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