Antiviral Medicinal Plants of Veterinary Importance: A Literature Review.

This research study reviews various plant species that have shown antiviral properties against different animal viruses. The aim is to discover potential new sources of antiviral compounds due to the continuing emergence of drug-resistant virus strains.

Objective of the Research

The primary objective of the study was to identify and compile a comprehensive list of plant species that display antiviral properties. This research is vital due to the high mutation rates in viruses that lead to the emergence of new antiviral-resistant strains. It was particularly focused on finding plant-based substances that could combat serious animal viruses causing high mortality rates and significant economic loss.

Methodology

• The systematic review considered the kind of plant extract, fraction, or compound demonstrating the antiviral activity and the trial design.
• It also compiled data of plant species that exhibited antiviral activities against various pathogenic animal virus species.

Major Findings

• A total of 130 plant species were found to have antiviral activity on 37 different virus species causing serious diseases in various animals like poultry, cattle, pigs, horses, shrimps, and fish.
• 30 plant species displayed activity against various influenza viruses, most of them causing avian influenza.
• 30 plant species were active against Newcastle disease virus.
• The researchers also provided a compilation of 20 plant species active against bovine herpesvirus, 16 against fowlpox virus, 12 against white spot syndrome virus in marine shrimps, and 10 against suide herpesvirus.

Conclusion

The study emphasizes that several plant species possess significant potential to counter various kinds of animal viruses. Particularly, some plant extracts and their compounds are promising candidates for the development of new antiviral remedies, which are urgently needed in the face of the constant challenge of drug-resistant viruses.