Arbovirus surveillance in six states during 1972.
Abstract: A virus surveillance project was established and maintained during 1972 along 10 major river drainages in six states. Mosquitoes, biting flies, and blood specimens from sentinel equines were collected during 83 field trip visits to 141 arthropod collecting sites and 22 sentinel locations from April into December 1972. There were 173,074 mosquitoes tested and 303 arboviruses isolated from 11 of 41 species. From 13,388 biting flies tested, 8 arbovirus isolations were obtained in 1 of 5 species. There was no isolation of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus. Western equine encephalitis (WEE) virus isolates were the most numerous and were followed by Turlock, St. Louis encephalitis, Hart Park, California encephalitis, and Bunyamwera (BUN) group viruses. The first isolation of WEE from the mosquito Cullex (Mel). erraticus is reported, as is the extension of the ranges for Buttonwillow virus from California to New Mexico and Texas. Also a single isolation of the BUN group from Culicoides variipennis extends the range of this virus-vector relationship from California to Texas. New distribution records for mosquito species previously unreported for Arizona, Louisana, New Mexico, and Oklahoma are reported. The sentinel burros detected WEE serologic conversions at two sites in New Mexico and at one in Texas. The surveillance project provided state and federal officials with current information on the status of arbovirus activity, including the absence of VEE activity during 1972, and it demonstrated the existence of the potential for WEE epizootics and epidemics throughout a wide geographic area of the Western United States.
Publication Date: 1976-05-01 PubMed ID: 7148DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1976.25.463Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Animal Science
- Arboviruses
- Disease control
- Disease Management
- Disease Outbreaks
- Disease Prevalence
- Disease Surveillance
- Disease Treatment
- Encephalitis
- Epidemiology
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Infectious Disease
- Mosquito-borne Diseases
- Public Health
- Vector-borne disease
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Science
- Virology
- Western Equine Encephalitis
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research article describes a surveillance project conducted in 1972 which tracked arboviruses (viruses transmitted by arthropods like mosquitoes and flies) across 10 major river drainages in six U.S. states. The study resulted in valuable data about the distribution and frequency of various arboviruses, as well as new information about mosquito species in specified states, and helped inform public health response strategies.
Virus Surveillance Project
- The research involved a surveillance project set up in 1972 across six states, focusing on 10 major river drainages.
- The surveillance included collection of mosquitoes, biting flies, and blood specimens from sentinel equines during 83 field trips to 141 arthropod collecting sites and 22 sentinel locations.
- The field trips covered a period from April to December.
Data Collected
- A total of 173,074 mosquitoes were tested, with 303 arboviruses being isolated from 11 out of 41 species.
- From the 13,388 biting flies tested, 8 arbovirus isolations were obtained in 1 out of 5 species.
- No instances of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus were found.
- The most common virus isolated was the Western equine encephalitis (WEE) virus, followed by Turlock, St. Louis encephalitis, Hart Park, California encephalitis, and Bunyamwera group viruses.
New Findings
- The study yielded the first isolation of WEE from the mosquito species Cullex erraticus.
- The observed range of the Buttonwillow virus expanded from California to New Mexico and Texas.
- A single isolation of the Bunyamwera group virus from the species Culicoides variipennis extended the known range of this virus-vector relationship from California to Texas.
- New distribution records were created for mosquito species previously unreported in Arizona, Louisiana, New Mexico, and Oklahoma.
- WEE serologic conversions were detected in sentinel burros at two sites in New Mexico and one in Texas.
Significance of the Study
- The study provided useful information about the status of arbovirus activity to state and federal officials.
- The data demonstrated the potential for WEE epidemics throughout a wide geographic area of the Western United States.
- The study underscored the absence of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus activity during 1972.
Cite This Article
APA
Hayes RO, Francy DB, Lazuick JS, Smith GC, Jones RH.
(1976).
Arbovirus surveillance in six states during 1972.
Am J Trop Med Hyg, 25(3), 463-476.
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1976.25.463 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Arbovirus Infections / prevention & control
- Arboviruses / isolation & purification
- Arizona
- Colorado
- Culicidae / microbiology
- Diptera / microbiology
- Disease Outbreaks / prevention & control
- Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine / isolation & purification
- Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine / isolation & purification
- Insect Vectors
- Louisiana
- New Mexico
- Oklahoma
- Perissodactyla
- Texas
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Servadio JL, Muñoz-Zanzi C, Convertino M. Environmental determinants predicting population vulnerability to high yellow fever incidence. R Soc Open Sci 2022 Mar;9(3):220086.
- Sellers RF. Weather, host and vector--their interplay in the spread of insect-borne animal virus diseases. J Hyg (Lond) 1980 Aug;85(1):65-102.
- Cahoon BE, Hardy JL, Reeves WC. Initiation and characterization of a diploid cell line from larval tissues of Aedes dorsalis (Meigen). In Vitro 1978 Mar;14(3):255-60.
- Servadio JL, Convertino M, Fiecas M, Muñoz-Zanzi C. Weekly Forecasting of Yellow Fever Occurrence and Incidence via Eco-Meteorological Dynamics. Geohealth 2023 Oct;7(10):e2023GH000870.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
