Attempts to restore abduction of the paralyzed equine arytenoid cartilage. II. Nerve implantation (pilot study).
Abstract: The purpose of this project was to attempt restoration of abduction of a recently experimentally denervated left dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle by implanting a transected nerve-end into the paralyzed muscle. In six ponies the cut end of the second cervical nerve was implanted into a slit made in the left dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle. The nerve end was secured in place with one 5-0 polypropylene suture connecting the epineurium to the epimysium. The left recurrent laryngeal nerve was transected during this procedure. All six ponies showed signs of complete left laryngeal hemiplegia immediately after surgery. Postoperatively all ponies were evaluated qualitatively on a monthly basis by subjective examination for evidence of abduction of the arytenoid cartilages on endoscopy and quantitatively by measurement of the cross sectional area of the left and right half of the rima glottidis. Subjective endoscopic evidence of partial abduction was seen in four of the six ponies six months postoperatively. Measurement of the cross sectional area of the rima glottidis revealed a total loss of 38% of the area immediately postoperatively. There were no significant changes in cross sectional areas of the rima glottidis between the immediate postoperative evaluation to the six months postoperative evaluation. Gross postmortem examination revealed partial dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle atrophy as evidenced by a 24-55% decrease in muscle mass compared to the right dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle. Histopathological studies revealed regions with clusters of large muscle fibers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1989-04-01 PubMed ID: 2713786PubMed Central: PMC1255549
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research aimed to explore potential methods for restoring the movement of a paralyzed muscle in the larynx of horses. Researchers performed surgery on six ponies, implanting a transected nerve-end into the paralyzed muscle. They evaluated the results over six months, examining muscle movement and measuring changes in the larynxes of the animals.
Research Objective
- The main goal of this study was to find a way to restore the abduction (movement away from the body’s midline) of the left dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle, a muscle in a horse’s larynx which had been artificially paralyzed.
Experimental Procedure
- In the experiment, the severed end of the second cervical nerve was surgically implanted into a slit made in the paralyzed muscle in six ponies.
- The nerve end was kept in place with a suture, which connected the sheath around the nerve (epineurium) to the sheath around the muscle (epimysium).
- During this process, the left recurrent laryngeal nerve was also cut.
- All six ponies showed immediate signs of complete left laryngeal hemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the larynx) following the surgery.
Post-operative Evaluation
- Over six months, the ponies were evaluated both through regular subjective examination for evidence of movement in the arytenoid cartilages (two small cartilages in the larynx) and through quantitative measures, tracking changes in the size of the gap between the vocal cords (the rima glottidis).
- At the end of this period, four of the six ponies showed some degree of restored movement, while quantitative measures showed a total loss of 38% of the rima glottidis area immediately after the surgery, with no significant changes over the six months.
Pathological Findings
- Postmortem examination showed a 24-55% reduction in muscle mass in the paralyzed muscle compared to the healthy one.
- Additionally, histopathological studies (examination of tissues to study the manifestations of disease) revealed regions with clusters of large muscle fibres, likely as part of attempts by the muscle to recover function.
Cite This Article
APA
Ducharme NG, Horney FD, Hulland TJ, Partlow GD, Schnurr D, Zutrauen K.
(1989).
Attempts to restore abduction of the paralyzed equine arytenoid cartilage. II. Nerve implantation (pilot study).
Can J Vet Res, 53(2), 210-215.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Arytenoid Cartilage / physiopathology
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horses
- Laryngeal Cartilages / physiopathology
- Laryngeal Muscles / innervation
- Laryngeal Muscles / physiopathology
- Laryngeal Muscles / surgery
- Muscle Contraction
- Muscles / innervation
- Pilot Projects
- Vocal Cord Paralysis / physiopathology
- Vocal Cord Paralysis / surgery
- Vocal Cord Paralysis / veterinary
References
This article includes 11 references
- Kotby MN, Haugen LK. The mechanics of laryngeal function.. Acta Otolaryngol 1970 Sep;70(3):203-11.
- Dedo HH. The paralyzed larynx: an electromyographic study in dogs and humans.. Laryngoscope 1970 Oct;80(10):1455-517.
- Tucker HM, Harvey J, Ogura JH. Vocal cord remobilization in the canine larynx.. Arch Otolaryngol 1970 Dec;92(6):530-3.
- Tucker HM, Ogura JH. Vocal cord remobilization in the canine larynx: an histologic evaluation.. Laryngoscope 1971 Oct;81(10):1602-6.
- Gunn HM. Further observations on laryngeal skeletal muscle in the horse.. Equine Vet J 1973 Apr;5(2):77-80.
- Ducharme NG, Horney FD, Partlow GD, Hulland TJ. Attempts to restore abduction of the paralyzed equine arytenoid cartilage. I. Nerve-muscle pedicle transplants.. Can J Vet Res 1989 Apr;53(2):202-9.
- Fink BR. Folding mechanism of the human larynx.. Acta Otolaryngol 1974 Jul-Aug;78(1-2):124-8.
- Crumley RL. Experiments in laryngeal reinnervation.. Laryngoscope 1982 Sep;92(9 Pt 2 Suppl 30):1-27.
- Rice DH, Owens O, Burstein F, Verity A. The nerve-muscle pedicle. A visual, electromyographic, and histochemical study.. Arch Otolaryngol 1983 Apr;109(4):233-4.
- Martin GS, Beadle RE, Haynes PF, Watters JW. Cross-sectional area of the aditus laryngis and rima glottidis before and after transection of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve in the horse.. Am J Vet Res 1986 Feb;47(2):422-5.
- Duncan ID, Griffths IR, McQueen A, Baker GO. The pathology of equine laryngeal hemiplegia.. Acta Neuropathol 1974 Apr 30;27(4):337-48.
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Ducharme NG, Viel L, Partlow GD, Hulland TJ, Horney FD. Attempts to restore abduction of the paralyzed equine arytenoid cartilage. III. Nerve anastomosis.. Can J Vet Res 1989 Apr;53(2):216-23.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
