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Journal of veterinary science2014; 16(1); 47-55; doi: 10.4142/jvs.2015.16.1.47

Autologous processed plasma: cytokine profile and effects upon injection into healthy equine joints.

Abstract: This experimental controlled study was performed to evaluate the composition of autologous processed plasma (APP), and the effects of APP intra-articular injection into healthy equine metacarpophalangeal joints. The effects on joints were analysed with a short-phase protocol and a prolonged-phase protocol using saline-injected joints as controls. For the short protocol, horses received one intra-articular APP injection. Synovial fluid samples were collected prior to the injection and 3, 6, 24, 48, and 16 h after treatment. For the prolonged protocol, the joints received three weekly injections of APP, and samples were collected at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days before APP administration. IL1-ra level was found to be increased in APP compared to plasma. Upon intra-articular administration of APP, transient (up to 24 h) increases in white blood cell (WBC) counts along with elevated protein and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations were observed in the treated joints. Over the 28-day observation period, APP did not elicit changes relative to baseline levels, but WBC counts, PGE2 and chondroitin sulphate concentrations were lower than those found in the control. In conclusion, APP intra-articular injection induced a mild and transitory inflammatory response but no inflammation reaction was observed over a longer period of treatment and observation.
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Publication Date: 2014-09-30 PubMed ID: 25269714PubMed Central: PMC4367149DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2015.16.1.47Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the impact of injecting Autologous Processed Plasma (APP) into healthy horse joints, indicating that while the procedure initially causes temporary inflammation, longer-term inflammation was not observed.

Summary of the Research

The primary purpose of this experimental study was to look at the content of autologous processed plasma (APP), a product derived from the patient’s own blood, and the effect of its intra-articular injection (injection into the joint space) into healthy horse joints, particularly metacarpophalangeal joints which are equivalent to the human knuckle.

  • The researchers used two protocols to investigate the effect of APP on horse joints: a short-phase protocol and a prolonged-phase protocol. The short-phase protocol involved one injection of APP, followed by multiple collections of synovial fluid samples before and after the procedure to measure the immediate effect of the injection. The prolonged-phase protocol consisted of three weekly injections of APP, with data recorded before the treatment and 7, 14, 21, and 28 days afterward.
  • The composition of APP was also examined, primarily focusing on the level of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1-ra), a protein associated with anti-inflammatory activities. It was found to be at an increased level in APP compared to normal plasma.

Findings of the Research

On analyzing the samples collected in both protocols, the researchers made a few key findings:

  • Upon intra-articular administration of APP, there was a transient (up to 24 hours long) increase in white blood cell (WBC) counts along with elevated protein and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations in the treated horse joints, suggesting a mild but temporary inflammatory response.
  • However, throughout the 28-day observation period in the prolonged-phase protocol, APP did not cause changes in joint health relative to baseline levels, suggesting no long-term inflammation. In fact, WBC counts, PGE2 and chondroitin sulphate concentrations were lower than those found in the control (saline-injected joints), indicating a good tolerance to APP.

Conclusion of the Research

This study concluded that APP intra-articular injections lead to a mild and temporary inflammatory response in healthy equine joints, but do not cause inflammation over longer periods of treatment and observation. This suggests the potential use of APP in treatments requiring repeated joint injections without any risk of causing long-term inflammation.

Cite This Article

APA
Moreira JJ, Moraes AP, Brossi PM, Machado TS, Michelacci YM, Massoco CO, Baccarin RY. (2014). Autologous processed plasma: cytokine profile and effects upon injection into healthy equine joints. J Vet Sci, 16(1), 47-55. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2015.16.1.47

Publication

Journal of veterinary science
ISSN: 1976-555X
NlmUniqueID: 100964185
Country: Korea (South)
Language: English
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 47-55

Researcher Affiliations

Moreira, Juliana J
  • Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508 270, Brazil.
Moraes, Ana Paula L
    Brossi, Patrícia M
      Machado, Thaís S L
        Michelacci, Yara M
          Massoco, Cristina O
            Baccarin, Raquel Y A

              MeSH Terms

              • Animals
              • Cytokines / metabolism
              • Horses
              • Injections, Intra-Articular
              • Metacarpophalangeal Joint / drug effects
              • Plasma / chemistry
              • Time Factors

              Conflict of Interest Statement

              There is no conflict of interest.

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