Changes in synovial fluid and serum biomarkers with exercise and early osteoarthritis in horses.

Frisbie, DD
·
Al-Sobayil, F
·
Billinghurst, RC
·
Kawcak, CE
·
McIlwraith, CW

Abstract: To discriminate between changes in biomarkers with exercise compared to changes in biomarkers with osteoarthritis (OA) in exercising horses. Methods: Sixteen, 2-year-old horses were randomly assigned either to an exercise-alone (n=8) or OA-affected (also exercised) (n=8) group. All horses had both mid-carpal joints arthroscoped and OA induced in one mid-carpal joint in the OA-affected joints of OA-affected horses. Two weeks after surgery all horses commenced a strenuous exercise program on a high-speed treadmill. Clinical outcomes and synovial fluid and serum biomarkers, were evaluated weekly. Synovial and serum biomarkers evaluated were epitope CS846 (CS846), epitope CPII (CPII), glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), epitope Col CEQ (Col CEQ) (a marker of type II collagen degradation), type I and II collagen degradation fragments (C1,2C), osteocalcin, C-terminal of bone type I collagen (CTX1), type I collagen (Col I) and (synovial fluid only of cartilage) prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels. Horses were euthanized at day 91 and their joints assessed grossly, histopathologically, and histochemically. Results: Exercise induced a significant increase in synovial fluid CS846, CPII, GAG, Col CEQ, C1,2C, osteocalcin and Col I concentrations. There was a significant increase in synovial fluid CS846, CPII, Col CEQ, C1,2C, osteocalcin, Col I and PGE2 concentrations in OA-affected joints compared to exercise-alone joints. The concentration of serum CS846, CPII, GAG, osteocalcin, C1,2C and Col I increased with exercise. For each of these biomarkers there was also a statistically significant increase in serum biomarker levels in OA-affected horses compared to exercise-alone horses. Conclusions: Six synovial fluid and serum biomarkers were useful in separating early experimental OA from exercise alone but synovial fluid CTX1 and serum Col CEQ and CTX1 were not.

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Publication Date: 2008-04-28 PubMed ID: 18442931DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.03.008Google Scholar: Lookup

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Summary
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Affiliations
MeSH
Citations

Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support
Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research examines the differences in biomarker changes in horses due to exercise as compared to those with early onset osteoarthritis (OA). The study used 16 horses enforced with a heavy exercise regimen and manipulated OA in a select group to evaluate biomarker changes in synovial fluid and serum.

Methods and Procedures

This study began with a set of 16 two-year-old horses which were categorized into two groups – just undergoing exercise and another group with induced OA performing exercise. The OA group had OA stimulated in one mid-carpal joint. Post two weeks from the surgical operation, all the horses initiated a mounting exercise program.

The researchers conducted a weekly evaluation of the following aspects:

Clinical outcomes
Synovial fluid biomarkers
Serum biomarkers

The synovial and serum biomarkers tested included epitope CS846 (CS846), epitope CPII (CPII), glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), epitope Col CEQ (Col CEQ), type I and II collagen degradation fragments (C1,2C), osteocalcin, C-terminal of bone type I collagen (CTX1), type I collagen (Col I), and (synovial fluid only) prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels.

At the end of the 91-day period, all horses were euthanized, and their joints were evaluated using gross, histopathological, and histochemical assessments.

Results and Findings

The outcomes of the experiment showed that exercise influenced a significant escalation in the concentration of several synovial fluid biomarkers, including CS846, CPII, GAG, Col CEQ, C1,2C, osteocalcin, and Col I.

A similar increase in these biomarkers was also noted in the synovial fluid collected from the joints of OA-affected horses, with the addition of PGE2 as compared to joints from horses that underwent exercise alone.

Serum levels of CS846, CPII, GAG, osteocalcin, C1,2C, and Col I also showed a significant increase with exercise. A further increase in the concentration of these serum biomarkers was recorded in OA-affected horses compared to those undergoing exercise alone.

Conclusion

The findings of this study show that six specific synovial fluid and serum biomarkers played a crucial role in distinguishing between horses affected by early OA and those subjected to exercise alone. However, three biomarkers – synovial fluid CTX1 and serum Col CEQ and CTX1 – did not prove fruitful for this discrimination.

Cite This Article

APA

Frisbie DD, Al-Sobayil F, Billinghurst RC, Kawcak CE, McIlwraith CW. (2008). Changes in synovial fluid and serum biomarkers with exercise and early osteoarthritis in horses. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 16(10), 1196-1204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2008.03.008

Publication

Osteoarthritis and cartilage

ISSN: 1522-9653

NlmUniqueID: 9305697

Country: England

Language: English

Volume: 16

Issue: 10

Pages: 1196-1204

Researcher Affiliations

Frisbie, D D

Orthopaedic Research Center, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States.

Al-Sobayil, F

Billinghurst, R C

Kawcak, C E

McIlwraith, C W

MeSH Terms

Animals
Biomarkers / metabolism
Collagen Type II / metabolism
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Horse Diseases / blood
Horses
Lameness, Animal / blood
Osteoarthritis / blood
Osteoarthritis / veterinary
Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
Serum / metabolism
Statistics as Topic
Synovial Fluid / metabolism

Citations

This article has been cited 62 times.

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