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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2021; 11(10); doi: 10.3390/ani11102825

Biofilm and Equine Limb Wounds.

Abstract: In chronic wounds in humans, biofilm formation and wound chronicity are linked, as biofilms contribute to chronic inflammation and delayed healing. Biofilms are aggregates of bacteria, and living as biofilms is the default mode of bacterial life; within these aggregates, the bacteria are protected from both antimicrobial substances and the immune response of the host. In horses, delayed healing is more commonly seen in limb wounds than body wounds. Chronic inflammation and hypoxia are the main characteristics of delayed wound healing in equine limbs, and biofilms might also contribute to this healing pattern in horses. However, biofilm formation in equine wounds has been studied to a very limited degree. Biofilms have been detected in equine traumatic wounds, and recent experimental models have shown that biofilms protract the healing of equine limb wounds. Detection of biofilms within wounds necessitates advanced techniques that are not available in routine diagnostic yet. However, infections with biofilm should be suspected in equine limb wounds not healing as expected, as they are in human wounds. Treatment should be based on repeated debridement and application of topical antimicrobial therapy.
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Publication Date: 2021-09-27 PubMed ID: 34679846PubMed Central: PMC8532864DOI: 10.3390/ani11102825Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research explores the link between biofilm formation and delayed wound healing in equines, specifically in limb wounds. The study suggests that biofilms, which are aggregates of bacteria, could contribute to chronic inflammation and slow healing process in horses.

Understanding Biofilm and its Link to Wound Chronicity

  • The research highlights biofilms as a significant factor in wound chronicity. Biofilms are aggregates of bacteria that, when formed, can contribute to chronic inflammation and delayed healing in wounds. Bacteria in these formations are protected from both antimicrobial substances and a host’s immune response.
  • The correlation between biofilming and chronic wounds is already established in humans. The study seeks to apply this understanding to equine health, specifically focusing on horse limb wounds.

Delayed Healing and Biofilms in Equine Limb Wounds

  • A delay in wound healing is more common in equine limb wounds than those on the body. Chronic inflammation and hypoxia, a condition in which part of the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply, are integral characteristics of this healing delay.
  • The researchers suggest that biofilms could also contribute to this common healing pattern seen in horses.
  • Advanced techniques are needed to detect biofilms in wounds. These techniques are not yet available in routine diagnostic procedures but are currently under active development and study.

Treatment of Biofilms in Equine Limb Wounds

  • If biofilm formation is suspected in equine limb wounds, the treatment approach should involve repeated debridement, a medical procedure that removes infected, damaged, or dead tissue to improve the healing potential of the remaining healthy tissue.
  • Application of topical antimicrobial therapy, a treatment aimed at killing or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, is also advised.
  • The presence of biofilm should be suspected especially in cases where equine limb wounds do not heal as anticipated. This suspicion is based on similar observations and treatment guidelines in human wound healing.

Cite This Article

APA
Jørgensen E, Bjarnsholt T, Jacobsen S. (2021). Biofilm and Equine Limb Wounds. Animals (Basel), 11(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102825

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 10

Researcher Affiliations

Jørgensen, Elin
  • Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Bjarnsholt, Thomas
  • Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jacobsen, Stine
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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