Blood glucose is unlikely to be a prognostic biomarker in acute colitis with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in Thoroughbred racehorses.
Abstract: Although hyperglycemia at admission with colic has been reported to have a poor prognosis, there is no report specifically about acute colitis with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in horses. In this study, we measured blood glucose (Glu), insulin (Ins), and cortisol (Cor) levels in 17 Thoroughbred racehorses diagnosed as having acute colitis with SIRS, and examined the relationship between time-dependent changes in Glu, Ins, and Cor and prognosis. Glu levels were high in 3 horses at admission, but thereafter no horses had persistently high Glu levels. There was no significant difference in Glu, Ins, and Cor levels within 72 hr between surviving and non-surviving horses. In conclusion, the Glu level is unlikely to be a useful prognostic biomarker in acute colitis with SIRS.
Publication Date: 2018-03-23 PubMed ID: 29593444PubMed Central: PMC5865065DOI: 10.1294/jes.29.15Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The article presents a study on how blood glucose levels in Thoroughbred racehorses with acute colitis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) may not be a reliable prognostic indicator.
Background of Study
- This research draws upon the fact that while high blood glucose or hyperglycemia at the time of admission with colic in horses has been linked to poor prognosis, there hasn’t been a specific study focusing on acute colitis with SIRS in racehorses. Particularly, the study aims to investigate the possible use of glucose levels as a prognostic biomarker in these cases.
Methodology
- The researchers carried out their investigation on 17 Thoroughbred racehorses diagnosed with acute colitis and SIRS. They measured the glucose (Glu), insulin (Ins), and cortisol (Cor) levels in these horses, taking note of any changes over time along with the prognosis.
Findings
- The study revealed that only 3 horses showcased elevated Glu levels on admission, however, no horses demonstrated consistently high Glu levels thereafter.
- Statistically significant difference was not observed in Glu, Ins, or Cor levels within the first 72 hours between the horses that survived and those that didn’t. This suggests that these levels may not indicate disease progression or reliably predict outcomes in such cases.
Conclusion
- The research thus concludes that blood glucose levels in Thoroughbred racehorses suffering from acute colitis and SIRS are unlikely to serve as a useful prognostic biomarker. This challenges previous assumptions that elevated glucose levels at admission with colic could predict negative outcomes, at least in the context of acute colitis with SIRS, highlighting the need for further investigations into alternative prognostic indicators.
Cite This Article
APA
Urayama S, Arima D, Mizobe F, Shinzaki Y, Nomura M, Minamijima Y, Kusano K.
(2018).
Blood glucose is unlikely to be a prognostic biomarker in acute colitis with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in Thoroughbred racehorses.
J Equine Sci, 29(1), 15-19.
https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.29.15 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Racehorse Hospital, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
- Racehorse Hospital, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan.
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan.
- Racehorse Hospital, Ritto Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Shiga 520-3085, Japan.
- Laboratory of Racing Chemistry, Tochigi 320-0851, Japan.
- Racehorse Hospital, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
References
This article includes 23 references
- Akashi S, Ogata H, Kirikae F, Kirikae T, Kawasaki K, Nishijima M, Shimazu R, Nagai Y, Fukudome K, Kimoto M, Miyake K. Regulatory roles for CD14 and phosphatidylinositol in the signaling via toll-like receptor 4-MD-2. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 268: 172–177.
- Anderson SL, Singh B. Neutrophil apoptosis is delayed in an equine model of colitis: Implications for the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Equine Vet. J. 49: 383–388.
- Belknap JK, Moore JN, Crouser EC. Sepsis-From human organ failure to laminar failure. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 129: 155–157.
- Cohen ND, Woods AM. Characteristics and risk factors for failure of horses with acute diarrhea to survive: 122 cases (1990–1996). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 214: 382–390.
- Epstein KL, Brainard BM, Gomez-Ibanez SE, Lopes MA, Barton MH, Moore JN. Thrombelastography in horses with acute gastrointestinal disease. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 25: 307–314.
- Hassel DM, Hill AE, Rorabeck RA. Association between hyperglycemia and survival in 228 horses with acute gastrointestinal disease. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 23: 1261–1265.
- Hinchcliff KW, Rush BR, Farris JW. Evaluation of plasma catecholamine and serum cortisol concentrations in horses with colic. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 227: 276–280.
- Hollis AR, Boston RC, Corley KT. Blood glucose in horses with acute abdominal disease. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 21: 1099–1103.
- Hollis AR, Furr MO, Magdesian KG, Axon JE, Ludlow V, Boston RC, Corley KT. Blood glucose concentrations in critically ill neonatal foals. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 22: 1223–1227.
- Kiku Y, Kusano K, Miyake H, Fukuda S, Takahashi J, Inotsume M, Hirano S, Yoshihara T, Toribio RE, Okada H, Yoshino TO. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells induced by experimental endotoxemia in horse. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 65: 857–863.
- Kyle UG, Coss Bu JA, Kennedy CE, Jefferson LS. Organ dysfunction is associated with hyperglycemia in critically ill children. Intensive Care Med. 36: 312–320.
- Langouche L, Van den Berghe G. Glucose metabolism and insulin therapy. Crit. Care Clin. 22: 119–129, vii.
- Lien E, Means TK, Heine H, Yoshimura A, Kusumoto S, Fukase K, Fenton MJ, Oikawa M, Qureshi N, Monks B, Finberg RW, Ingalls RR, Golenbock DT. Toll-like receptor 4 imparts ligand-specific recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J. Clin. Invest. 105: 497–504.
- Marik PE, Raghavan M. Stress-hyperglycemia, insulin and immunomodulation in sepsis. Intensive Care Med. 30: 748–756.
- Matsuda N, Hattori Y. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS): molecular pathophysiology and gene therapy. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 101: 189–198.
- Milinovich GJ, Klieve AV, Pollitt CC, Trott DJ. Microbial events in the hindgut during carbohydrate-induced equine laminitis. Vet. Clin. North Am. Equine Pract. 26: 79–94.
- Moore JN, Vandenplas ML. Is it the systemic inflammatory response syndrome or endotoxemia in horses with colic?. Vet. Clin. North Am. Equine Pract. 30: 337–351, vii–viii.
- Pamela AW. Evolution and Future of Sepsis Treatment in Equine Emergency and Critical Care. AAEP Proceedings 55: 150–155.
- Senior JM, Proudman CJ, Leuwer M, Carter SD. Plasma endotoxin in horses presented to an equine referral hospital: correlation to selected clinical parameters and outcomes. Equine Vet. J. 43: 585–591.
- Stull CL, Rodiek AV. Responses of blood glucose, insulin and cortisol concentrations to common equine diets. J. Nutr. 118: 206–213.
- van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, Verwaest C, Bruyninckx F, Schetz M, Vlasselaers D, Ferdinande P, Lauwers P, Bouillon R. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N. Engl. J. Med. 345: 1359–1367.
- Lacombe VA. Expression and regulation of facilitative glucose transporters in equine insulin-sensitive tissue: from physiology to pathology. ISRN Vet. Sci. 2014: ID409547.
- Wright SD, Ramos RA, Tobias PS, Ulevitch RJ, Mathison JC. CD14, a receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein. Science 249: 1431–1433.
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Main SC, Brown LP, Melvin KR, Campagna SR, Voy BH, Castro HF, Strickland LG, Hines MT, Jacobs RD, Gordon ME, Ivey JLZ. Metabolomic Profiles in Starved Light Breed Horses during the Refeeding Process. Animals (Basel) 2022 Sep 21;12(19).
- Theuerkauf K, Obach-Schröck C, Staszyk C, Moritz A, Roscher KA. Activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates in the equine systemic inflammatory response syndrome. J Vet Diagn Invest 2022 May;34(3):448-457.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
