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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Bronchoalveolar lavage hemosiderosis in lightly active or se...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2023; 37(3); 1243-1249; doi: 10.1111/jvim.16692

Bronchoalveolar lavage hemosiderosis in lightly active or sedentary horses.

Abstract: Hemosiderophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) are commonly ascribed to exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH). Little information exists regarding the presence of these cells in horses that perform light or no work and that are referred for respiratory problems. Objective: Evaluate the presence of hemosiderophages in BALF of horses suspected of respiratory disease without history of or risk factors for EIPH and determine predictors of hemosiderophages in BALF in this population. Methods: Observational retrospective cross-sectional study using STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology reports of 353 horses evaluated for respiratory disease between 2012 and 2022 at the Cummings School for Veterinary Medicine were reviewed retrospectively. Horses with a history or likelihood of having performed past strenuous exercise were removed, and the remaining 91 horses were divided into hemosiderin-positive (HSD-POS) and hemosiderin-negative groups based on Perls' Prussian blue staining. Potential predictors for the presence of hemosiderophages in BALF (history, clinical evaluation, baseline lung function, airway reactivity, BALF cytology, and hemosiderin score) were compared between the 2 groups, using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Horses with a diagnosis of severe equine asthma (sEA; odds ratio, 11.1; 95% confidence interval, 3.2-38.5; P < .001) were significantly more likely to be HSD-POS than horses with mild-to-moderate equine asthma. Conclusions: Hemosiderophages were found in the BALF cytology in a subset of horses that perform light or no work and presented for respiratory signs; these cells were found more frequently in horses with sEA. The link between hemosiderophages and sEA highlights previously unstudied pathology associated with this common disease.
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2023-03-28 PubMed ID: 36975043PubMed Central: PMC10229344DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16692Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Observational Study
  • Veterinary
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article studies the presence of hemosiderophages (a cell that ingests and breaks down heme-containing compounds) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of horses that perform little or no work, and have been referred due to respiratory issues. The researchers found that horses that had severe equine asthma were significantly more likely to have hemosiderophages in their BALF.

Study Details

  • The research is an observational retrospective cross-sectional study, according to the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines.
  • The researchers examined bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology reports of 353 horses that had been evaluated for respiratory diseases between 2012 and 2022 at the Cummings School for Veterinary Medicine.
  • Horses that had either a history or a high likelihood of having completed rigorous exercise in the past were excluded from the study.
  • The remaining 91 horses were divided into two groups: horses that tested positive for hemosiderin (HSD-POS) and horses that did not (hemosiderin-negative).
  • The segregation was based on Perls’ Prussian blue staining, a common method used to detect the presence of hemosiderin, indicating iron or heme-related issues.

Prediction Methods

  • The researchers explored possible predictors for the presence of hemosiderophages in BALF, such as the horse’s history, clinical evaluation, baseline lung function, airway reactivity, BALF cytology, and hemosiderin score.
  • These predictors were compared between the two groups using both univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

  • The results showed that horses with a diagnosis of severe equine asthma (sEA) were 11.1 times more likely to test HSD-POS as compared to horses with mild-to-moderate equine asthma. This data was supported by a 95% confidence interval, indicating a very high level of statistical certainty.
  • This significant predisposition of hemosiderophages in horses with sEA was intriguing since they perform light or no work but presented for respiratory signs.
  • This correlation between hemosiderophages and severe equine asthma could possibly suggest a previously unexplored pathological association with this common disease in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Mahalingam-Dhingra A, Bedenice D, Mazan MR. (2023). Bronchoalveolar lavage hemosiderosis in lightly active or sedentary horses. J Vet Intern Med, 37(3), 1243-1249. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16692

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 37
Issue: 3
Pages: 1243-1249

Researcher Affiliations

Mahalingam-Dhingra, Ananya
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA.
Bedenice, Daniela
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA.
Mazan, Melissa R
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Hemosiderosis / veterinary
  • Hemosiderosis / complications
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Hemosiderin / analysis
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage / veterinary
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
  • Lung Diseases / etiology
  • Lung Diseases / veterinary
  • Asthma / veterinary
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / complications
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / veterinary
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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