Characterization of normal tidal breathing flow-volume loops for thoroughbred horses.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to characterize the normal equine tidal breathing flow-volume loop (TBFVL). The study was performed using 18 healthy Thoroughbred horses. TBFVLs constructed from data collected from resting horses had a typical biphasic inspiratory and expiratory phase. The interindividual variability of the indices used to describe TBFVLs was in the range 16-32%, which is comparable to the variability of other measures of equine pulmonary mechanics. The large variability of these data probably limits the value of resting TBFVL indices for detecting subclinical respiratory conditions in individual horses. Factor analysis of these data revealed that in excess of 90% of the variance of the initial response variables could be explained in terms of three common factors. Varimax rotation of these three common factors provided three subsequent factors that were readily identifiable as (1) a factor describing the time-volume relationships of TBFVLs, responsible for 81% of the total variance, (2) a factor explaining the expiratory portion of the TBFVL, explaining 12% of the variance, and (3) a factor describing the inspiratory portion of the loops, responsible for the remaining 7% of the variance. The analysis also provided standardized factor scoring coefficients for use in subsequent studies using similar experimental techniques.
Publication Date: 1995-01-01 PubMed ID: 8540244DOI: 10.1007/BF01839315Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research is a study investigating the characteristics of normal tidal breathing flow-volume loops (TBFVLs) in healthy Thoroughbred horses.
Research Context and Objective
- The study focuses on the measurement of normal equine (horse) tidal breathing flow-volume loops (TBFVLs), which are graphical representations of the amount and speed of air that is inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing.
- The main purpose of the study is to document and analyze the normal characteristics of TBFVLs in healthy Thoroughbred horses.
Methodology
- Data for this research was sourced from 18 healthy Thoroughbred horses during a state of rest
- The construction of TBFVLs takes a biphasic approach, considering both the inspiratory (breathing in) and expiratory (breathing out) phases.
Findings
- Indices used to describe TBFVLs exhibited an interindividual variability (difference in results between individuals) in the range of 16-32%. This is in line with the variability of other measures pertaining to the mechanics of equine lungs.
- Due to the significant variability of data, the resting TBFVL indices may have limited usefulness in detecting subclinical (not severe enough to present definite or readily observable symptoms) respiratory conditions in individual horses.
Factor Analysis
- Factor analysis on the data showed that more than 90% of the variance (the statistical measurement of the spread between numbers in a data set) of the initial response variables could be deduced from three common factors.
- A varimax rotation of these three common factors gave subsequent factors that correlate as: (1) a factor elaborating the time-volume relationships of TBFVLs, accounting for 81% of the total variance, (2) a factor outlining the expiratory portion of the TBFVL, accounting for 12% of the variance, and (3) a factor describing the inspiratory portion of the loops, covering the remaining 7% of the variance.
- The study also generated standardized factor scoring coefficients for use in future studies applying similar experimental procedures.
Cite This Article
APA
Guthrie AJ, Beadle RE, Bateman RD, White CE.
(1995).
Characterization of normal tidal breathing flow-volume loops for thoroughbred horses.
Vet Res Commun, 19(4), 331-342.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01839315 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Lung / physiology
- Male
- Reference Values
- Respiration / physiology
- Respiratory Function Tests / veterinary
- Tidal Volume / physiology
References
This article includes 17 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Kozłowska N, Wierzbicka M, Jasiński T, Domino M. Advances in the Diagnosis of Equine Respiratory Diseases: A Review of Novel Imaging and Functional Techniques.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Feb 4;12(3).
- Burnheim K, Hughes KJ, Evans DL, Raidal SL. Reliability of breath by breath spirometry and relative flow-time indices for pulmonary function testing in horses.. BMC Vet Res 2016 Nov 28;12(1):268.
- Guthrie AJ, Beadle RE, Bateman RD, White CE. The effects of three models of airway disease on tidal breathing flow-volume loops of thoroughbred horses.. Vet Res Commun 1995;19(6):517-27.
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