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Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2023; 12(4); 664; doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12040664

Clinical Aspects of Bacterial Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance in the Reproductive System of Equids.

Abstract: Antibiotic administration is a standard therapeutic practice for the treatment of reproductive disorders of equids. This might lead to undesirable microbial imbalance and could favour the acquisition of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, it is imperative for clinicians to understand patterns of antibiotic resistance when considering and developing treatment regimes. Continued engagement of clinicians with novel alternative approaches to treat reproductive infections would be essential in order to address this rising threat within the One Health perspective. The objectives of the present review were to present the bacterial infections in the reproductive system of equids (horses, donkeys), to upraise the literature related to the issue of antibiotic resistance of bacteria causing these infections and to discuss the topic from a clinical perspective. Initially, the review summarised the various infections of the reproductive system of equids (genital system of females, genital system of males, mammary glands) and the causal bacteria, providing relevant information about horses and donkeys. Subsequently, the clinical therapeutics of these infections were presented, taking into account the significance of antibiotic resistance of bacteria as a limiting factor in treating the infections. Finally, approaches to circumvent antibiotic resistance in clinical settings were summarized. It was concluded that awareness regarding antibiotic resistance in equine reproductive medicine would increase, as we would recognise the multifaceted problem of resistance. Actions and initiatives within the One Health approach, minimizing the potential dissemination of resistant strains to humans and to the environment, with specific applications in medicine of equids should be appropriately instituted internationally.
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Publication Date: 2023-03-28 PubMed ID: 37107026PubMed Central: PMC10135018DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040664Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is about the use of antibiotics in treating reproductive infections in equids (horses and donkeys) and the growing concern over bacterial resistance to these antibiotics. The researchers discussed the impact of antibiotic resistance on treatment plans and the importance of exploring alternative approaches within a One Health perspective.

Understanding Bacterial Infections in Equids

  • The authors first examined different types of bacterial infections that can affect the reproductive system of equids, including horses and donkeys. This includes infections of the female genital system, male genital system, and mammary glands.
  • They identify and present the bacteria causing these infections, which helps clinicians to better understand the pathogen they are dealing with when treating such infections.

Implications of Antibiotic Resistance

  • As part of standard therapeutic practice, antibiotics are often used for treatment. However, this has the undesirable effect of creating microbial imbalance in the reproductive system of equids, which can lead to antibiotic resistance.
  • This resistance can limit the ability to effectively treat infections. Therefore, understanding patterns of antibiotic resistance is critical for developing effective treatment regimes.

Current Therapeutics and the Need for Alternative Approaches

  • The authors then discuss the current clinical therapeutics used to treat these infections, highlighting how antibiotic resistance impacts these treatment strategies.
  • They emphasise the need for clinicians to engage with novel, alternative approaches to treat these infections amidst the rising threat of antibiotic resistance.

A One Health Approach

  • They advocate for a One Health approach, suggesting that it is crucial to minimise the potential spread of resistant strains between humans, equids and the environment. The One Health approach is a collaborative, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary approach – with the goal of achieving optimal health outcomes recognising the interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment.
  • By increasing awareness about antibiotic resistance in equine reproductive medicine, it may be possible to mitigate the impacts of this multifaceted issue.
  • Finally, they conclude that in order to combat the growing threat of antibiotic resistance, actions and initiatives within the One Health approach should be implemented worldwide.

Cite This Article

APA
Tyrnenopoulou P, Fthenakis GC. (2023). Clinical Aspects of Bacterial Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance in the Reproductive System of Equids. Antibiotics (Basel), 12(4), 664. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12040664

Publication

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2079-6382
NlmUniqueID: 101637404
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 4
PII: 664

Researcher Affiliations

Tyrnenopoulou, Panagiota
  • Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece.
Fthenakis, George C
  • Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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