Comparison of perioperative versus postoperative intratumoral administration of cisplatin for treatment of cutaneous sarcoids and squamous cell carcinomas in horses.
Abstract: To determine the benefits of reducing the interval between surgical cytoreduction and intratumoral administration of cisplatin. Methods: Randomized clinical study. Methods: 70 horses with 89 incompletely resected T2- and T3-stage sarcoids (n = 64) and squamous cell carcinomas (25). Methods: Horses were given 4 intratumoral treatments of cisplatin at 2-week intervals. The first treatment was given at the time of, or immediately after, surgical resection for horses treated in accordance with the perioperative protocol (group 1). Horses in group 2 were treated with cisplatin after the skin healed following surgical resection in accordance with the postoperative protocol. Results: A difference was not found in duration of overall local tumor control between the 2 groups. Patterns of treatment failures and interval to failure differed between the 2 groups. Length of the surgical scar was the only factor that affected prognosis; an increase in length was associated with a poorer prognosis. A detrimental effect of postoperative treatment was only found in tumors with a high tumor proliferative fraction. Local reactions were similar for the 2 treatment groups, and chronic reactions were not observed. Conclusions: Intratumoral administration of cisplatin is beneficial for treatment of cutaneous tumors in horses. Tumor repopulation during the interval between surgery and intratumoral administration of cisplatin decreases treatment efficacy. These results provide evidence of rapid tumor repopulation following surgical resection without a lag period for tumors with a high proliferation index. When tumor proliferation index is not known, it may be prudent to use the perioperative protocol.
Publication Date: 2003-10-22 PubMed ID: 14567430
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research study investigates the efficiency of two different timings of cisplatin treatment on horses with cutaneous tumors. No significant difference was found regarding the overall local tumor control between the treatments administered just after surgery and those administered post-healing; however, the study noted differential failure patterns and found that tumor repopulation could decrease treatment efficacy.
Study Design and Methodology
- The study is a randomized clinical trial, meaning that the participants were randomly assigned to different treatment groups. This reduces bias and increases the reliability of the results.
- The report involved the treatment of 70 horses diagnosed with 89 different T2- and T3-stage sarcoids (64 cases) and squamous cell carcinomas (25 cases). These are types of skin-related tumors in horses, T2- and T3- denoting the size or extent of the tumor.
- The treatment involved using cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug, through intratumoral administration i.e., injected directly inside the tumor.
Treatment Protocols
- Horses were divided into two groups. Group 1, the perioperative protocol, received the first cisplatin treatment at the time of or immediately after surgical tumor removal. Group 2, the postoperative protocol, received cisplatin treatment after the skin had healed from surgery.
- Both groups received a total of four cisplatin treatments at two-week intervals.
Study Findings
- No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of the duration of overall local tumor control.
- However, the patterns of treatment failures and the interval to failure differed between the two groups. This may mean that timing of cisplatin administration has some bearing on treatment effectiveness.
- The surgical scar’s length was the only factor affecting the prognosis, with longer scars associated with poorer prognosis. This finding suggests that the size of the original tumor could impact treatment outcomes.
Conclusion and Recommendations
- Intratumoral administration of cisplatin is beneficial for treating cutaneous tumors in horses.
- The study provides evidence that rapid tumor repopulation can occur after surgical resection without a lag period for tumors with a high proliferation index. Thus, delaying cisplatin treatment might decrease its efficacy.
- Given these findings, the researchers advocate for the use of the perioperative protocol where the tumor proliferation index is unknown.
Cite This Article
APA
Théon AP, Pascoe JR, Galuppo LD, Fisher PE, Griffey SM, Madigan JE.
(2003).
Comparison of perioperative versus postoperative intratumoral administration of cisplatin for treatment of cutaneous sarcoids and squamous cell carcinomas in horses.
J Am Vet Med Assoc, 215(11), 1655-1660.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8745, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / veterinary
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / methods
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / veterinary
- Cisplatin / administration & dosage
- Cisplatin / therapeutic use
- Female
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horses
- Injections, Intralesional / veterinary
- Intraoperative Care / methods
- Intraoperative Care / veterinary
- Male
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control
- Neoplasm, Residual / veterinary
- Postoperative Care / veterinary
- Random Allocation
- Skin Neoplasms / drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms / surgery
- Skin Neoplasms / veterinary
- Treatment Outcome
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Yi Z, Gao Y, Yu F, Zhu Y, Liu H, Li J, Murua Escobar H. Interventions for treatment of cutaneous melanoma in horses: a structured literature review.. Vet Res Commun 2023 Jun;47(2):347-360.
- Spugnini EP, Bolaffio C, Scacco L, Baldi A. Electrochemotherapy increases local control after incomplete excision of a recurring penile fibrosarcoma in a stallion.. Open Vet J 2016;6(3):234-237.
- Gavini E, Manunta L, Giua S, Achenza G, Giunchedi P. Spray-dried poly(D,L-lactide) microspheres containing carboplatin for veterinary use: in vitro and in vivo studies.. AAPS PharmSciTech 2005 Sep 20;6(1):E108-14.
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