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Stem cell reviews and reports2019; 16(1); 126-143; doi: 10.1007/s12015-019-09914-2

Comparison of the Chondrogenic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow and Umbilical Cord Blood Intended for Cartilage Tissue Engineering.

Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) remains incurable in humans or horses and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) represent an attractive solution for producing a neocartilage substitute. However, the best MSC source still needs to be identified. This study compared the chondrogenic potential of equine MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM) and umbilical cord blood (UCB), at their undifferentiated status to check if one cell source is better proned, and after chondrogenic-induced differentiation. Chondrogenesis was induced by culture in collagen scaffold with BMP-2 + TGF-ß1 in hypoxia or normoxia. MSCs chondrogenic potential was evaluated using the mRNA and corresponding protein levels for osteogenic, hypertrophic and chondrogenic markers. MSCs characterization demonstrated that BM- and UCB-MSCs differ in proliferation and tripotencies. At undifferentiated status, they also showed differences in their expression of osteogenic, chondrogenic and hypertrophic markers. Upon chondrogenesis induction, both MSCs sources exhibited increased chondrogenic expression and produce an extracellular matrix (ECM) of better quality in hypoxia, although collagen I remained expressed. UCB-MSCs produced higher amounts of collagen II, particularly its IIB isoform, than BM-MSCs, but also collagen I and Htra1, regardless of the oxygen condition. Finally, immunohistochemistry revealed that the BM-MSCs synthesized an ECM of higher quality, regarding the more homogenous distribution of type IIB collagen, compared to UCB-MSCs. Considering collagen I as the major undesirable component in the neo-synthesis of in vitro cartilage, we recommend using BM-MSCs for horse cartilage engineering.
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Publication Date: 2019-11-21 PubMed ID: 31745710DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09914-2Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article delves into the comparison of the potential for cartilage production between bone marrow and umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with the aim of finding a remedy for Osteoarthritis. The study suggests bone marrow MSCs to be the better choice for horse cartilage engineering due to the generation of a higher quality of extracellular matrix.

Introduction and Objectives

  • This study aims to provide a potential solution to Osteoarthritis (a currently incurable disease) by producing a neocartilage substitute using mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs).
  • The primary objective is to identify the best source of MSCs for this purpose by comparing those derived from bone marrow and umbilical cord blood.
  • The researchers studied these two potential sources of MSCs both in their undifferentiated state and after chondrogenic-induced differentiation.

Methodology

  • Chondrogenesis is induced in the MSCs using a culture in collagen scaffold with Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP-2) and TGF-ß1.
  • This induction process is carried out in two environments – hypoxia (low oxygen) and normoxia (normal oxygen).
  • The efficacy of the MSCs and their potential for chondrogenesis is evaluated using mRNA and corresponding protein levels for osteogenic, hypertrophic and chondrogenic markers.

Results

  • In their undifferentiated state, both bone marrow and umbilical cord blood MSCs exhibited differences in their expression of osteogenic, chondrogenic and hypertrophic markers.
  • Following chondrogenesis induction, both sources of MSCs showed increased chondrogenic expression and formed a higher quality of extracellular matrix in hypoxia.
  • However, it was noted that collagen I remained expressed in both cases.
  • Umbilical cord blood MSCs produced higher amounts of collagen II, particularly its IIB isoform, compared to bone marrow MSCs, but also produced higher amounts of collagen I and Htra1.
  • Surprisingly, bone marrow MSCs synthesized an extracellular matrix of higher quality, suggested by the presence of a more homogenous distribution of type IIB collagen, compared to umbilical cord blood MSCs.

Conclusion

  • Given the synthesis of collagen I (the major undesirable component in the in vitro synthesis of cartilage), the study recommends using bone marrow-derived MSCs for horse cartilage engineering.

Cite This Article

APA
Contentin R, Demoor M, Concari M, Desancé M, Audigié F, Branly T, Galéra P. (2019). Comparison of the Chondrogenic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow and Umbilical Cord Blood Intended for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Stem Cell Rev Rep, 16(1), 126-143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-019-09914-2

Publication

Stem cell reviews and reports
ISSN: 2629-3277
NlmUniqueID: 101752767
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 126-143

Researcher Affiliations

Contentin, Romain
  • UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, Normandie University, 14000, Caen, France.
Demoor, Magali
  • UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, Normandie University, 14000, Caen, France.
Concari, Miranda
  • UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, Normandie University, 14000, Caen, France.
Desancé, Mélanie
  • UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, Normandie University, 14000, Caen, France.
Audigié, Fabrice
  • Center of Imaging and Research on Locomotor Affections in Equines, Ecole Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université de Paris-Est, 14430, Goustranville, France.
Branly, Thomas
  • UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, Normandie University, 14000, Caen, France.
Galéra, Philippe
  • UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, Normandie University, 14000, Caen, France. philippe.galera@unicaen.fr.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / metabolism
  • Cartilage / growth & development
  • Cartilage / metabolism
  • Cell Differentiation / genetics
  • Cell Hypoxia / genetics
  • Cell Proliferation / genetics
  • Chondrocytes / metabolism
  • Chondrogenesis / genetics
  • Collagen Type I / genetics
  • Collagen Type II / genetics
  • Extracellular Matrix / genetics
  • Fetal Blood / cytology
  • Fetal Blood / transplantation
  • High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1 / genetics
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / methods
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Osteoarthritis / pathology
  • Osteoarthritis / therapy
  • Osteogenesis / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / metabolism

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