Comparison of three dorsal techniques for arthrocentesis of the distal interphalangeal joint in horses.

This research studies and compares the efficiency of three techniques for performing arthrocentesis on the distal interphalangeal joint in horses. Ultimately, it determines that the dorsal inclined technique proved easier to execute than the other methods, irrespective of the operator’s experience.

Study Design and Methodology

• The study was observational, using forelimbs from 17 equine cadavers and 16 joints from 12 live horses undergoing arthrocentesis for therapeutic or diagnostic reasons.
• For seven of the equine cadavers, a single experienced individual performed the three arthrocentesis techniques (dorsal perpendicular, dorsolateral, and dorsal inclined), and recorded the number of attempts required to successfully perform each.
• For the remaining 10 cadavers, veterinary students without experience in arthrocentesis performed each of the three techniques, and their attempts were recorded.
• In the live horses, the arthrocentesis was performed using the dorsal inclined method only.

Results and Findings

• The dorsal inclined technique had significantly fewer needed attempts for both the experienced individual and the veterinary students. This suggests it was easier to perform than the dorsal perpendicular or dorsolateral technique.
• There was 100% success in all 16 joints when using the dorsal inclined technique in the live horses. Synovial fluid was recovered from 14 of the 16 joints.
• The procedure was generally well-tolerated, with only one horse reacting to the needle insertion.

Conclusions

• The researchers conclude that the dorsal inclined technique for arthrocentesis of the distal interphalangeal joint in horses was easier to perform, irrespective of the experience level of the operator.
• The technique’s success, coupled with its general toleration by horses, makes it a recommendable procedure for both experienced vets and those still learning.