FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Sci Total Environ / Concentrations of cadmium, lead and zinc in livestock feed a...
The Science of the total environment2000; 257(1); 53-60; doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00497-6

Concentrations of cadmium, lead and zinc in livestock feed and organs around a metal production centre in eastern Kazakhstan.

Abstract: This paper presents results of analysis of animal feed and meat (cattle, horse and sheep) products from a metal processing region (Oskemen) in east Kazakhstan. Samples were collected from a range of districts of differing distances from the main source of anthropogenic pollution and with differing underlying metal-containing geologies. Analyses for cadmium, lead and zinc revealed high concentrations in many feed and meat samples. Horse (an important food animal) samples had higher levels of contamination than cattle, which were higher than sheep. For example, mean cadmium concentrations in horse kidneys in one district were found to be 128 mg/kg and lead concentrations for liver 2.2 mg/kg. These, and other, results are generally higher than reported in many other studies in contaminated regions of eastern Europe and they can exceed State Maximal Allowed Concentrations by many times. As such levels of contamination pose a significant potential risk to human health, these results have formed the basis for subsequent research on levels of metal contamination in human tissues from affected populations.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2000-08-16 PubMed ID: 10943902DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00497-6Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study analyzed the levels of cadmium, lead and zinc in animal feed and meat (specifically cattle, horse, and sheep) in east Kazakhstan, around a metal production center. It found high contamination levels, with horse products showing the highest concentrations. The high levels of metal contamination pose a potential risk to human health.

Research Context

  • The research was conducted in east Kazakhstan, specifically in Oskemen, a metal processing region. The study was motivated by growing concerns over the levels of human exposure to heavy metals produced by the metal processing activities.
  • The core objective of the study was to determine the concentrations of cadmium, lead, and zinc in livestock feed and animal products and to understand the potential health risk they pose to humans.

Sample Collection and Analysis

  • Samples of animal feed and meat products were collected from various districts around the metal production center. Distances of these districts from the center, and different metal-containing geologies were considered to provide a broad scope of samples.
  • The research studied levels of cadmium, lead, and zinc, three metals that can have detrimental effects on health if consumed excessively.

Findings

  • The analysis revealed high concentrations of cadmium, lead, and zinc in both the animal feed and the meat products tested.
  • Horses, an important source of food in the region, exhibited higher levels of contamination than other animals such as cattle and sheep.
  • Some of the recorded concentrations were extremely high: for example, horse kidneys from one district showed a mean cadmium concentration of 128 mg/kg, and liver samples showed lead concentrations of 2.2 mg/kg.

Implications

  • These findings suggest that the region’s animal products may be unsafe for human consumption, as the detected heavy metal concentrations were significantly higher than those reported in other contaminated regions within Eastern Europe.
  • The high levels of heavy metals in the tested samples even exceed the State’s Maximal Allowed Concentrations (MACs) in some cases.
  • These alarming results have formed the baseline for further research into metal contamination in human tissues within the affected populations.

Cite This Article

APA
Farmer AA, Farmer AM. (2000). Concentrations of cadmium, lead and zinc in livestock feed and organs around a metal production centre in eastern Kazakhstan. Sci Total Environ, 257(1), 53-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00497-6

Publication

The Science of the total environment
ISSN: 0048-9697
NlmUniqueID: 0330500
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 257
Issue: 1
Pages: 53-60

Researcher Affiliations

Farmer, A A
  • Tri.Stan, Orton Goldhay, Peterborough, UK. almafarmer@ukonline.co.uk
Farmer, A M

    MeSH Terms

    • Animal Feed
    • Animals
    • Cadmium / analysis
    • Cattle
    • Environmental Pollutants / analysis
    • Food Chain
    • Horses
    • Kazakhstan
    • Lead / analysis
    • Meat Products / analysis
    • Plants / chemistry
    • Sheep
    • Zinc / analysis

    Citations

    This article has been cited 18 times.
    1. Bataa B, Motohira K, Dugar D, Sainnokhoi TA, Gendenpil L, Sainnokhoi T, Pelden B, Yohannes YB, Ganzorig S, Nakayama SMM, Ishizuka M, Ikenaka Y. Accumulation of Metals in the Environment and Grazing Livestock near A Mongolian Mining Area. Toxics 2022 Dec 10;10(12).
      doi: 10.3390/toxics10120773pubmed: 36548606google scholar: lookup
    2. Cygan-Szczegielniak D, Stasiak K. Concentration of Selected Essential and Toxic Trace Elements in Horse Hair as an Important Tool for the Monitoring of Animal Exposure and Health. Animals (Basel) 2022 Oct 4;12(19).
      doi: 10.3390/ani12192665pubmed: 36230405google scholar: lookup
    3. Li Y, Lv H, Xue C, Dong N, Bi C, Shan A. Plant Polyphenols: Potential Antidotes for Lead Exposure. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021 Oct;199(10):3960-3976.
      doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02498-wpubmed: 33236294google scholar: lookup
    4. Levin R, Zilli Vieira CL, Rosenbaum MH, Bischoff K, Mordarski DC, Brown MJ. The urban lead (Pb) burden in humans, animals and the natural environment. Environ Res 2021 Feb;193:110377.
      doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110377pubmed: 33129862google scholar: lookup
    5. Ma Y, Shi YZ, Wu QJ, Wang YQ, Wang JP, Liu ZH. Effects of varying dietary intoxication with lead on the performance and ovaries of laying hens. Poult Sci 2020 Sep;99(9):4505-4513.
      doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.015pubmed: 32867994google scholar: lookup
    6. Tang KK, Li HQ, Qu KC, Fan RF. Selenium alleviates cadmium-induced inflammation and meat quality degradation via antioxidant and anti-inflammation in chicken breast muscles. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Aug;26(23):23453-23459.
      doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-05675-0pubmed: 31201704google scholar: lookup
    7. Dweba CC, Zishiri OT, El Zowalaty ME. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: livestock-associated, antimicrobial, and heavy metal resistance. Infect Drug Resist 2018;11:2497-2509.
      doi: 10.2147/IDR.S175967pubmed: 30555249google scholar: lookup
    8. Skalny AV, Salnikova EV, Burtseva TI, Skalnaya MG, Tinkov AA. Zinc, copper, cadmium, and lead levels in cattle tissues in relation to different metal levels in ground water and soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019 Jan;26(1):559-569.
      doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3654-ypubmed: 30411286google scholar: lookup
    9. Khalid N, Hussain M, Young HS, Boyce B, Aqeel M, Noman A. Effects of road proximity on heavy metal concentrations in soils and common roadside plants in Southern California. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018 Dec;25(35):35257-35265.
      doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3218-1pubmed: 30341753google scholar: lookup
    10. Woszczyk M, Spychalski W, Boluspaeva L. Trace metal (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) fractionation in urban-industrial soils of Ust-Kamenogorsk (Oskemen), Kazakhstan-implications for the assessment of environmental quality. Environ Monit Assess 2018 May 25;190(6):362.
      doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6733-0pubmed: 29802453google scholar: lookup
    11. Sharma M, Nunez-Garcia J, Kearns AM, Doumith M, Butaye PR, Argudín MA, Lahuerta-Marin A, Pichon B, AbuOun M, Rogers J, Ellis RJ, Teale C, Anjum MF. Livestock-Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) Clonal Complex (CC) 398 Isolated from UK Animals belong to European Lineages. Front Microbiol 2016;7:1741.
      doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01741pubmed: 27881973google scholar: lookup
    12. Saifullah, Javed H, Naeem A, Rengel Z, Dahlawi S. Timing of foliar Zn application plays a vital role in minimizing Cd accumulation in wheat. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016 Aug;23(16):16432-9.
      doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6822-ypubmed: 27164881google scholar: lookup
    13. Cowan V, Blakley B. Acute lead poisoning in western Canadian cattle - A 16-year retrospective study of diagnostic case records. Can Vet J 2016 Apr;57(4):421-6.
      pubmed: 27041761
    14. Tattibayeva D, Nebot C, Miranda JM, Cepeda A, Mateyev E, Erkebaev M, Franco CM. A study on toxic and essential elements in rice from the Republic of Kazakhstan: comparing the level of contamination in rice from the European Community. Environ Geochem Health 2016 Feb;38(1):85-98.
      doi: 10.1007/s10653-015-9687-ypubmed: 25750053google scholar: lookup
    15. Paßlack N, Mainzer B, Lahrssen-Wiederholt M, Schafft H, Palavinskas R, Breithaupt A, Neumann K, Zentek J. Concentrations of strontium, barium, cadmium, copper, zinc, manganese, chromium, antimony, selenium and lead in the equine liver and kidneys. Springerplus 2014;3:343.
      doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-343pubmed: 25061551google scholar: lookup
    16. Ahmad K, Ibrahim M, Khan ZI, Rizwan Y, Ejaz A, Fardsous A, Gondal S, Lee DJ, Al-Yemeni M. Effect of sewage water on mineral nutritive potential of six fodder species grown under semiarid conditions. Saudi J Biol Sci 2011 Oct;18(4):317-21.
      doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2011.05.002pubmed: 23961142google scholar: lookup
    17. Hassan AA, Brustad M, Sandanger TM. Concentrations and geographical variations of selected toxic elements in meat from semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.) in mid- and northern Norway: evaluation of risk assessment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2012 May;9(5):1699-714.
      doi: 10.3390/ijerph9051699pubmed: 22754467google scholar: lookup
    18. Masad M, Alawaideh S, Nusairat B, Alnawaiseh A, Al Shra'ah A. Evaluation of Dioxin/Furan and Elements in Poultry from Zarqa Governorate, Jordan. J Anal Methods Chem 2023;2023:8458678.
      doi: 10.1155/2023/8458678pubmed: 37869535google scholar: lookup
    Subscribe to our newsletter
    Join 99,357 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.