FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Can Vet J / Cryotherapy provides transient analgesia in an induced lamen...
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2021; 62(8); 834-838;

Cryotherapy provides transient analgesia in an induced lameness model in horses.

Abstract: The analgesic effect of cryotherapy in an induced lameness model was evaluated. Lameness was induced with solar pressure from a custom-made shoe in a 10-horse, cross-over study. The degree of lameness was recorded with a commercial non-invasive inertial sensor. The distal limbs were maintained in an ice and water slurry (cryotherapy) or at ambient temperature (control) for 1 hour. Lameness was assessed serially over the following hour. Lameness at each time point was compared to the baseline induced lameness, within and between groups. Lameness had improved significantly in all horses 5 minutes after treatment but remained improved 10 minutes after treatment for the cryotherapy group only. Fifteen minutes after treatment, lameness in the cryotherapy group was improved relative to the control. Cryotherapy produced moderate, transient analgesia. Additional research is required to determine if altering the method, duration, or temperature of cryotherapy, as well as the targeted pathology and anatomy, alters the analgesic effect. . L’effet analgésique de la cryothérapie dans un modèle de boiterie induite a été évalué. La boiterie a été induite par une pression sur la sole à l’aide d’un fer sur mesure dans une étude croisée de 10 chevaux. Le degré de boiterie a été enregistré avec un capteur inertiel non invasif du commerce. Les membres distaux ont été maintenus dans une bouillie de glace et d’eau (cryothérapie) ou à température ambiante (témoin) pendant 1 heure. La boiterie a été évaluée en série au cours de l’heure suivante. La boiterie à chaque moment a été comparée à la boiterie induite au départ, au sein et entre les groupes. La boiterie s’était améliorée de manière significative chez tous les chevaux 5 minutes après le traitement mais restait améliorée 10 minutes après le traitement pour le groupe cryothérapie uniquement. Quinze minutes après le traitement, la boiterie dans le groupe cryothérapie était améliorée par rapport au témoin. La cryothérapie a produit une analgésie modérée et transitoire. Des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour déterminer si la modification de la méthode, de la durée ou de la température de la cryothérapie, ainsi que la pathologie et l’anatomie ciblées, modifient l’effet analgésique.(Traduit par D Serge Messier).
Copyright and/or publishing rights held by the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2021-08-04 PubMed ID: 34341594PubMed Central: PMC8281941
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study examined the pain-relieving effects of cryotherapy (cold therapy) in a model of induced lameness in horses.

Methodology

  • The researchers implemented an experimental design involving 10 horses.
  • Lameness, or difficulty or abnormality in walking, was induced in these horses through solar pressure from a specially made shoe.
  • The degree of lameness in the horses was measured using a non-invasive inertial sensor.
  • The horses’ lower limbs were then subjected to either a mixture of ice and water (known as cryotherapy) or kept at room temperature (the control group) for a duration of one hour.
  • The researchers then serially assessed lameness over the next hour, comparing lameness at each time point to the horsess baseline induced lameness. This was done both within and between groups (cryotherapy vs. control).

Results and Insights

  • The study found that lameness significantly improved in all horses 5 minutes post treatment. This improvement was maintained 10 minutes post treatment in the cryotherapy group only.
  • Fifteen minutes after treatment, lameness in the cryotherapy group was noticeably improved when compared with the control group.
  • Therefore, cryotherapy appears to produce a moderate and temporary pain-relieving effect.

Future Research Implications

  • The research concluded that further studies are necessary to determine whether adjusting the cryotherapy method, duration, or temperature can alter its analgesic (pain-relieving) effect.
  • Additionally, further investigation is required to understand whether the targeted pathology (disease condition) and anatomy (body part treated) also influence cryotherapy’s analgesic effects.

Cite This Article

APA
Quam V, Yardley J, Quam M, Paz C, Belknap J. (2021). Cryotherapy provides transient analgesia in an induced lameness model in horses. Can Vet J, 62(8), 834-838.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 62
Issue: 8
Pages: 834-838

Researcher Affiliations

Quam, Vivian
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (V Quam, Yardley, Belknap); Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden (M Quam); Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, College of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901 Brazil (Paz).
Yardley, Jonathan
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (V Quam, Yardley, Belknap); Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden (M Quam); Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, College of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901 Brazil (Paz).
Quam, Mikkel
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (V Quam, Yardley, Belknap); Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden (M Quam); Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, College of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901 Brazil (Paz).
Paz, Cahuê
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (V Quam, Yardley, Belknap); Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden (M Quam); Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, College of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901 Brazil (Paz).
Belknap, James
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon L. Tharp Street, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA (V Quam, Yardley, Belknap); Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden (M Quam); Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, College of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901 Brazil (Paz).

MeSH Terms

  • Analgesia / veterinary
  • Animals
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Cryotherapy / veterinary
  • Horse Diseases / therapy
  • Horses
  • Lameness, Animal / therapy

References

This article includes 25 references
  1. USDA. National economic cost of equine lameness, colic, and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis in the United States. USDA APHIS VS, National Health Monitoring System Information sheet Colorado, USA, #N348.1001: Fort Collins.
  2. Beisser A, McClure S, Rezabek G, Soring KH, Wang C. Frequency of and risk factors associated with catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries in Quarter Horses at two Midwestern racetracks: 67 cases (2000-2011).. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2014 Nov 15;245(10):1160-8.
    pubmed: 25356718doi: 10.2460/javma.245.10.1160google scholar: lookup
  3. Peat FJ, Kawcak CE. Musculoskeletal Pathology.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2015 Aug;31(2):407-24.
    pubmed: 26037607doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2015.04.003google scholar: lookup
  4. Dyson S. Evaluation of poor performance in competition horses: A musculoskeletal perspective. Part 1: Clinical assessment. Equine Vet J 2016;28(5):284–293.
  5. . Reformed Racing Medication Rules. The Jockey Club 2012 Aug 12.
  6. . FEI Equine Anti-Doping and Controlled Medication Regulations. 2nd ed.. Lausanne, Switzerland: 2017.
  7. Foreman JH, Grubb TL, Inoue OJ, Banner SE, Ball KT. Efficacy of single-dose intravenous phenylbutazone and flunixin meglumine before, during and after exercise in an experimental reversible model of foot lameness in horses.. Equine Vet J Suppl 2010 Nov;(38):601-5.
    pubmed: 21059067doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00232.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  8. Meucci V, Luci G, Vanni M, Sgoorbini M, Intorre L. Withdrawal time of phenylbutazone administered to healthy horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2015;35:901–906.
  9. Petrov R, MacDonald MH, Tesch AM, Van Hoogmoed LM. Influence of topically applied cold treatment on core temperature and cell viability in equine superficial digital flexor tendons.. Am J Vet Res 2003 Jul;64(7):835-44.
    pubmed: 12856767doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.835google scholar: lookup
  10. Bleakley CM, McDonough SM, MacAuley DC, Bjordal J. Cryotherapy for acute ankle sprains: a randomised controlled study of two different icing protocols.. Br J Sports Med 2006 Aug;40(8):700-5; discussion 705.
    pmc: PMC2579462pubmed: 16611722doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.025932google scholar: lookup
  11. Chughtai M, Sodhi N, Jawad M, Newman JM, Khlopas A, Bhave A, Mont MA. Cryotherapy Treatment After Unicompartmental and Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Review.. J Arthroplasty 2017 Dec;32(12):3822-3832.
    pubmed: 28802778doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2017.07.016google scholar: lookup
  12. Francisco AA, De Oliveira SMJV, Steen M, Nobre MRC, De Souza EV. Ice pack induced perineal analgesia after spontaneous vaginal birth: Randomized controlled trial.. Women Birth 2018 Oct;31(5):e334-e340.
    pubmed: 29337008doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2017.12.011google scholar: lookup
  13. Guillot X, Tordi N, Prati C, Verhoeven F, Pazart L, Wendling D. Cryotherapy decreases synovial Doppler activity and pain in knee arthritis: A randomized-controlled trial.. Joint Bone Spine 2017 Jul;84(4):477-483.
    pubmed: 27825572doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2016.09.004google scholar: lookup
  14. van Eps AW, Leise BS, Watts M, Pollitt CC, Belknap JK. Digital hypothermia inhibits early lamellar inflammatory signalling in the oligofructose laminitis model.. Equine Vet J 2012 Mar;44(2):230-7.
    pubmed: 21895750doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00416.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  15. van Eps AW, Pollitt CC, Underwood C, Medina-Torres CE, Goodwin WA, Belknap JK. Continuous digital hypothermia initiated after the onset of lameness prevents lamellar failure in the oligofructose laminitis model.. Equine Vet J 2014 Sep;46(5):625-30.
    pubmed: 24004323doi: 10.1111/evj.12180google scholar: lookup
  16. Pollitt CC, van Eps AW. Prolonged, continuous distal limb cryotherapy in the horse.. Equine Vet J 2004 Apr;36(3):216-20.
    pubmed: 15147127doi: 10.2746/0425164044877152google scholar: lookup
  17. van Eps AW, Orsini JA. A comparison of seven methods for continuous therapeutic cooling of the equine digit.. Equine Vet J 2016 Jan;48(1):120-4.
    pubmed: 25385194doi: 10.1111/evj.12384google scholar: lookup
  18. . Guide to Veterinary Services for Horse Shows. 7th ed.. Lexington, Kentucky: American Association of Equine Practitioners; 1999.
  19. Silva GB, De La Côrte FD, Brass KE. Duration and effect of different local anesthetics on the palmar digital nerve block in horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2015;35:749–755.
  20. Radtke A, Fortier LA, Regan S, Kraus S, Delco ML. Intra-articular anaesthesia of the equine stifle improves foot lameness.. Equine Vet J 2020 Mar;52(2):314-319.
    pmc: PMC6851447pubmed: 31087355doi: 10.1111/evj.13135google scholar: lookup
  21. Schumacher J, Steiger R, Schumacher J, de Graves F, Schramme M, Smith R, Coker M. Effects of analgesia of the distal interphalangeal joint or palmar digital nerves on lameness caused by solar pain in horses.. Vet Surg 2000 Jan-Feb;29(1):54-8.
    pubmed: 10653495doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2000.00054.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  22. da Silva Azevedo M, De La Côrt FD, Brass KE. The use of xylazine or acepromazine does not interfere in the lameness evaluation by inertial sensors. J Equine Vet Sci 2015;35:27–30.
  23. Ross MW. Diagnosis and Management of Lameness in the Horse. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Saunders; 2011. Movement; p. 1395.
  24. McCracken MJ, Kramer J, Keegan KG, Lopes M, Wilson DA, Reed SK, LaCarrubba A, Rasch M. Comparison of an inertial sensor system of lameness quantification with subjective lameness evaluation.. Equine Vet J 2012 Nov;44(6):652-6.
    pubmed: 22563674doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2012.00571.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  25. Reed SK, Kramer J, Thombs L, Pitts JB, Wilson DA, Keegan KG. Comparison of results for body-mounted inertial sensor assessment with final lameness determination in 1,224 equids.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020 Mar 1;256(5):590-599.
    pubmed: 32068513doi: 10.2460/javma.256.5.590google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Crecan CM, Peștean CP. Inertial Sensor Technologies-Their Role in Equine Gait Analysis, a Review. Sensors (Basel) 2023 Jul 11;23(14).
    doi: 10.3390/s23146301pubmed: 37514599google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,001 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.