Development and Validation of a Model for Training Equine Phlebotomy and Intramuscular Injection Skills.
Abstract: Simulation in veterinary education offers a solution for bridging the gap between observation and performance of clinical skills. An equine neck model was created that allows repetitive practice of jugular phlebotomy, intramuscular (IM) injection, and intravenous catheterization. The aim of this study was to validate the model for jugular phlebotomy and IM injection. We surveyed experienced veterinarians on the model's realism and the comprehensiveness of its features. In a randomized experimental study, we compared the learning outcomes of first-year veterinary students trained on the model (n=48) and students trained on equine head-neck cadavers (n=45). There was no difference in post-training performance of phlebotomy on the live horse between cadaver-trained students and model-trained students when assessed by a checklist (cadaver 6.87±0.33; model 6.89±0.77; p=.99) or a global rating scale (cadaver 5.23±0.87; model 5.32±0.77; p=.78). No difference was found between post-training scores for IM injection when assessed by checklist (cadaver 6.87±0.34; model 6.89±0.31; p=.76) or global rating scale (cadaver 5.23±0.87; model 5.32±0.77; p=.75). Veterinarians (n=7) found this low-fidelity model acceptable and supported its use as a training tool for veterinary students. Students reported in a post-lab survey that they felt models were as helpful as cadavers for learning the procedures. These results support the use of the model as a component of first-year veterinary student curriculum.
Publication Date: 2016-04-13 PubMed ID: 27075276DOI: 10.3138/jvme.0915-159RGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Validation Study
Summary
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This research paper focuses on the development and testing of a model to train veterinary students in horse blood-drawing and intramuscular injection skills. The findings suggest that the equine neck model is a satisfactory training tool, with student outcomes showing no significant performance differences between those trained using it and those trained on horse cadavers.
Model Development and Validation
The main focus of the paper is the creation of an equine neck model for veterinary education purposes. The model is designed for repeated practice of jugular phlebotomy (blood collection), intramuscular injection, and catheterization. The researchers aim at validating the model for jugular phlebotomy and intramuscular injection and do so by gathering opinions from experienced veterinarians regarding its realism and comprehensiveness.
- The input from the veterinarians suggests that the low-fidelity model is deemed realistic and comprehensive, indicating acceptability in a professional context.
Comparison Study
The researchers further test the model by conducting a study where they compare the learning outcomes of students trained on the model and those trained on equine head-neck cadavers.
- The experiment is randomized and involves 48 first-year veterinary students trained on the model and 45 students trained on cadavers.
- There was no significant difference found between the post-training performance of the two groups performing phlebotomy on live horses or conducting an intramuscular injection, whether evaluated by a checklist or a global rating scale.
- Lastly, the students reported through a post-lab survey that they found the models as helpful as cadavers for learning the procedures.
Implications for Veterinary Training
The results of the research suggest that the equine neck model is a viable training tool for veterinary students.
- Given its acceptance by experienced veterinarians and positive feedback from students, along with similar performance levels compared to traditional cadaver-based training, the model shows promise as part of the vet student curriculum.
- Simulations such as this could make veterinary training more accessible and safe, reducing the reliance on real animals or cadavers.
- However, further research and development may be necessary to increase the model’s fidelity and incorporate additional procedures.
Cite This Article
APA
Williamson JA, Dascanio JJ, Christmann U, Johnson JW, Rohleder B, Titus L.
(2016).
Development and Validation of a Model for Training Equine Phlebotomy and Intramuscular Injection Skills.
J Vet Med Educ, 43(3), 235-242.
https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.0915-159R Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Humans
- Cadaver
- Clinical Competence
- Education, Veterinary
- Educational Measurement
- Horses / anatomy & histology
- Injections, Intramuscular / veterinary
- Injections, Intravenous / veterinary
- Jugular Veins / anatomy & histology
- Models, Anatomic
- Neck / anatomy & histology
- Surveys and Questionnaires
Citations
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