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Scientific reports2022; 12(1); 1308; doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05356-y

Development of a microsphere-based immunoassay for the serological diagnosis of equine trypanosomosis.

Abstract: Trypanozoon infections in equids are caused by three parasite species in the Trypanozoon subgenus: Trypanosoma equiperdum, T. brucei and T. evansi. They are respectively responsible for infectious diseases dourine, nagana and surra. Due to the threat that Trypanozoon infection represents for international horse trading, accurate diagnostic tests are crucial. Current tests suffer from poor sensitivity and specificity, due in the first case to the transient presence of parasites in the blood and in the second, to antigenic cross-reactivity among Trypanozoon subspecies. This study was designed to develop a microsphere-based immunoassay for diagnosing equine trypanosomosis. We tested beads coated with eight Trypanosoma spp. recombinant antigens: enolase, GM6, PFR1, PFR2, ISG65, VSGat, RoTat1.2 and JN2118HU. Of these, GM6 was identified as the best candidate for the serological diagnosis of Trypanozoon infections in equids. Using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis on 349 equine sera, anti-GM6 antibodies were detected with an AUC value of 0.994 offering a sensitivity of 97.9% and a specificity of 96.0%. Our findings show that the GM6 antigen is a good target for diagnosing equine trypanosomosis using a microsphere-based immunoassay. This promising assay could be a useful alternative to the official diagnostic tool for equine trypanosomosis.
© 2022. The Author(s).
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Publication Date: 2022-01-25 PubMed ID: 35079068PubMed Central: PMC8789838DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05356-yGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article involves the development of a new diagnostic test for equine trypanosomosis using a microsphere-based immunoassay, with GM6 identified as the best-suited antigen. The new proposed diagnostic method reportedly has high sensitivity and specificity.

Background

  • Infections in equids (such as horses, donkeys and zebras) by trypanozoon parasites (Trypanosoma equiperdum, T. brucei and T. evansi) result in diseases such as dourine, nagana, and surra respectively. These diseases pose a significant threat to international horse trade.
  • The current diagnostic tests for equine trypanosomosis fall short due to their low sensitivity and specificity: sensitivity is affected by the transient presence of parasites in the blood, while specificity is compromised due to antigenic cross-reactivity among Trypanozoon sub-species.

Purpose of Research

  • The aim of this research was to develop a new diagnostic test for equine trypanosomosis using a microsphere-based immunoassay, in a bid to overcome the issues with the current diagnostic tests.

Methodology

  • The researchers tested beads coated with eight different recombinant antigens from the Trypanosoma species. The eight antigens tested were enolase, GM6, PFR1, PFR2, ISG65, VSGat, RoTat1.2, and JN2118HU.

Results

  • Among these eight antigens, GM6 emerged as the most suitable for the serological diagnosis of Trypanozoon infections in equids.
  • The effectiveness of GM6 was evaluated using a method called ‘receiver operating characteristic’ (ROC) analysis on samples from 349 equine sera.
  • The detection of anti-GM6 antibodies yielded an AUC (Area Under the ROC Curve) value of 0.994, which indicates an extremely high level of accuracy.
  • The sensitivity (ability to correctly identify those with the disease) of the GM6 antigen was calculated to be 97.9%, and its specificity (ability to correctly identify those without the disease) was calculated to be 96.0%. These high values indicate the diagnostic test’s effectiveness.

Conclusion

  • The research concluded that the GM6 antigen is a viable target for the diagnosis of equine trypanosomosis using a microsphere-based immunoassay.
  • This new immunoassay could present a valuable alternative to the currently employed diagnostic methods for equine trypanosomosis.

Cite This Article

APA
Verney M, Gautron M, Lemans C, Rincé A, Hans A, Hébert L. (2022). Development of a microsphere-based immunoassay for the serological diagnosis of equine trypanosomosis. Sci Rep, 12(1), 1308. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05356-y

Publication

Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
NlmUniqueID: 101563288
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Pages: 1308
PII: 1308

Researcher Affiliations

Verney, Mylène
  • Unité PhEED, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Site de Normandie, ANSES, RD675, 14430, Goustranville, France.
Gautron, Morgane
  • Unité PhEED, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Site de Normandie, ANSES, RD675, 14430, Goustranville, France.
Lemans, Charlène
  • Unité PhEED, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Site de Normandie, ANSES, RD675, 14430, Goustranville, France.
Rincé, Alain
  • Unité de Recherche Risques Microbiens U2RM, Normandie-Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
Hans, Aymeric
  • Unité PhEED, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Site de Normandie, ANSES, RD675, 14430, Goustranville, France.
Hébert, Laurent
  • Unité PhEED, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Site de Normandie, ANSES, RD675, 14430, Goustranville, France. laurent.hebert@anses.fr.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Protozoan / blood
  • Antibodies, Protozoan / immunology
  • Area Under Curve
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
  • Horse Diseases / parasitology
  • Horses / blood
  • Horses / parasitology
  • Microspheres
  • ROC Curve
  • Recombinant Proteins / immunology
  • Serologic Tests / methods
  • Trypanosoma / immunology
  • Trypanosomiasis / blood
  • Trypanosomiasis / diagnosis
  • Trypanosomiasis / parasitology
  • Trypanosomiasis / veterinary
  • Variant Surface Glycoproteins, Trypanosoma / immunology

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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