Diagnosis of dourine in outbreaks in Italy.
Abstract: Dourine is trypanosomosis that affects equids, it's mainly sexually transmitted. The disease was first eradicated in Italy in the 1940s, but there was then a serious epidemic in the mid-70s. After sporadic reports at the end of the 1990s, in May 2011 it was reported once more. Clinical diagnosis of dourine can be complex, as clinical signs and gross lesions are not always present. Direct laboratory diagnosis is also problematic, given the low number of parasites normally present in infected tissues and the mild, short-lasting parasitaemia. This article describes the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data enabling confirmation of the suspicion of dourine in Italy in the 2011 epidemic.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2012-12-20 PubMed ID: 23298562DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.006Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research article centers around diagnosing Dourine, a sexually transmitted disease affecting equids, that has several outbreaks in history including a recent one in Italy in 2011. The researchers present epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data that helped confirm the outbreak.
Epidemiological Data
- The epidemiological data provides an overall view of the disease prevalence, its geographic spread, and the populations it affects. In this case, it documents the resurgence of Dourine in Italy, despite it being eradicated in the 1940s and a serious epidemic in the mid-70s. The data further traces sporadic reports at the end of the 1990s followed by a significant outbreak in May 2011.
Clinical Diagnosis
- Clinical diagnosis involves the observation of symptoms and signs. The issue with Dourine, as the authors point out, is that clinical signs and gross lesions aren’t always present, making its diagnosis complex. It might be difficult for veterinarians to identify infected equids merely through visual inspection and behavioral observation.
Laboratory Diagnosis
- The researchers explain that even laboratory diagnosis can be challenging for Dourine due to the low number of parasites typically present in infected tissues and the mild and short-lasting parasitaemia. Parasitaemia refers to parasites present in the blood of the host, and a low count or a brief period could mean that typical diagnostic tests won’t pick up the infection.
Study Findings
- The main outcome of this research article is the development of a method to confirm the suspicion of Dourine in the 2011 epidemic. The researchers combined the epidemiological data with clinical signs and laboratory tests to verify the outbreak. These findings are significant as they reverse the belief that Dourine had been entirely eradicated in Italy, calling for a revision of current disease containment practices.
Cite This Article
APA
Pascucci I, Di Provvido A, Cammà C, Di Francesco G, Calistri P, Tittarelli M, Ferri N, Scacchia M, Caporale V.
(2012).
Diagnosis of dourine in outbreaks in Italy.
Vet Parasitol, 193(1-3), 30-38.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.006 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy. i.pascucci@izs.it
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Disease Outbreaks / veterinary
- Dourine / epidemiology
- Female
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / parasitology
- Horses
- Italy / epidemiology
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
Citations
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