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Equine veterinary journal2024; doi: 10.1111/evj.14206

Differences in pulmonary function measured by oscillometry between horses with mild-moderate equine asthma and healthy controls.

Abstract: The diagnosis of mild-moderate equine asthma (MEA) can be confirmed by airway endoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALf) cytology, and lung function evaluation by indirect pleural pressure measurement. Oscillometry is a promising pulmonary function test method, but its ability to detect subclinical airway obstruction has been questioned. Objective: To evaluate the differences in lung function measured by oscillometry between healthy and MEA-affected horses. Methods: Prospective case-control clinical study. Methods: Thirty-seven horses were divided into healthy and MEA groups, based on history and clinical score; the diagnosis of MEA was confirmed by airway endoscopy and BALf cytology. Horses underwent oscillometry at frequencies ranging from 2 to 6 Hz. Obtained parameters included whole-breath, inspiratory, expiratory, and the difference between inspiratory and expiratory resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs). Differences between oscillometry parameters at different frequencies were evaluated within and between groups by repeated-measures two-way ANOVA and post hoc tests with Bonferroni correction. Frequency dependence was compared between groups by t test. For significant parameters, a receiver operating characteristics curve was designed, cut-off values were identified and their sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: No significant differences in Xrs and Rrs were observed between groups. The frequency dependence of whole-breath and inspiratory Xrs significantly differed between healthy (respectively, -0.03 ± 0.02 and -0.05 ± 0.02 cmHO/L/s) and MEA (-0.1 ± 0.03 and -0.2 ± 0.02 cmHO/L/s) groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). For inspiratory Xrs frequency dependence, a cut-off value of -0.06 cmHO/L/s was identified, with 86.4% (95% CI: 66.7%-95.3%) sensitivity and 66.7% (95% CI: 41.7%-84.8%) specificity. Conclusions: Sample size, no BALf cytology in some healthy horses. Conclusions: Oscillometry can represent a useful non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of MEA. Specifically, the evaluation of the frequency dependence of Xrs may be of special interest.
© 2024 The Author(s). Equine Veterinary Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of EVJ Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2024-08-12 PubMed ID: 39134475DOI: 10.1111/evj.14206Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research paper investigates the effectiveness of oscillometry, a method of measuring lung function, in diagnosing mild-moderate equine asthma (MEA) in horses. The researchers found that the frequency dependence of Xrs, which is obtained through oscillometry, differs significantly between healthy horses and those with MEA.

Introduction and Objective

  • The report begins by recognising the potential of oscillometry as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for mild-moderate equine asthma (MEA).
  • The researchers aim to assess the discrepancies in pulmonary function values obtained through oscillometry between horses with MEA and healthy ones.

Methodology

  • A total of 37 horses were categorised into two groups; ones with MEA and healthy controls. The separation was based on history and clinical score. Subsequently, the diagnosis of MEA was reconfirmed using airway endoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALf) cytology.
  • All horses were subjected to oscillometry at various frequencies ranging from 2 to 6 Hz. Parameters including whole-breath, inspiratory, expiratory resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs), and the difference between the inspiratory and expiratory values were obtained.
  • Differences between parameters at different frequencies were evaluated within and between the groups using repeated-measures two-way ANOVA and post hoc tests with Bonferroni correction. A comparison of frequency dependence between the groups was also carried out using a t-test.
  • Significant parameters were analysed using a receiver operating characteristics curve, from which cut-off values were identified and their sensitivity and specificity were calculated. The level for statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

No notable differences in Xrs and Rrs were observed between the two groups, but the frequency dependence of whole-breath and inspiratory Xrs significantly varied between them. For inspiratory Xrs frequency dependence, a cut-off value of -0.06 cmHO/L/s was identified, which exhibited 86.4% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity.

Conclusion

  • The researchers conclude that oscillometry is a helpful non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of MEA.
  • They highlight that the assessment of the frequency dependence of Xrs could be of particular interest.

Cite This Article

APA
(2024). Differences in pulmonary function measured by oscillometry between horses with mild-moderate equine asthma and healthy controls. Equine Vet J. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.14206

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

References

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