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PloS one2022; 17(3); e0264439; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264439

Diversity of blaCTX-M-1-carrying plasmids recovered from Escherichia coli isolated from Canadian domestic animals.

Abstract: Conserved IncI1 and IncHI1 plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-1 have been found circulating in chickens and horses from continental Europe, respectively. In Canada, blaCTX-M-1 is overwhelmingly the most common blaCTX-M variant found in Escherichia coli from chicken and horses and can be recovered at lower frequencies in swine, cattle, and dogs. Whole-genome sequencing has identified a large genetic diversity of isolates carrying this variant, warranting further investigations into the plasmids carrying this gene. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe the genetic profiles of blaCTX-M-1 plasmids circulating in E. coli from Canadian domestic animals and compare them to those recovered in animals in Europe. Fifty-one blaCTX-M-1 positive E. coli isolates from chicken (n = 14), horses (racetrack horses n = 11; community horses n = 3), swine (n = 7), turkey (n = 6), dogs (n = 5), beef cattle (n = 3), and dairy cattle (n = 2) were selected for plasmid characterization. Sequences were obtained through both Illumina and Oxford Nanopore technologies. Genomes were assembled using either Unicycler hybrid assembly or Flye with polishing performed using Pilon. blaCTX-M-1 was found residing on a plasmid in 45 isolates and chromosomally located in six isolates. A conserved IncI1/ST3 plasmid was identified among chicken (n = 12), turkey (n = 4), swine (n = 6), dog (n = 2), and beef cattle (n = 2) isolates. When compared against publicly available data, these plasmids showed a high degree of similarity to those identified in isolates from poultry and swine in Europe. These results suggest that an epidemic IncI1/ST3 plasmid similar to the one found in Europe is contributing to the spread of blaCTX-M-1 in Canada. A conserved IncHI1/FIA(HI1)/ST2 plasmid was also recovered from nearly all racetrack horse isolates (n = 10). Although IncHI1/ST2 plasmids have been reported among European horse isolates, IncHI1/ST9 plasmids appear to be more widespread. Further studies are necessary to understand the factors contributing to these plasmids' success in their respective populations.
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Publication Date: 2022-03-16 PubMed ID: 35294479PubMed Central: PMC8926264DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264439Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the genetic profiles of blaCTX-M-1 plasmids in E. coli strains from different domestic animals in Canada. It concludes that an epidemic IncI1/ST3 plasmid similar to the one found in Europe is spreading blaCTX-M-1 in Canada, which was largely found among domesticated animals like chickens, turkeys, swine, dogs, and beef cattle. Additionally, an IncHI1/FIA(HI1)/ST2 plasmid was also found in nearly all racetrack horse isolates.

Research Methodology

  • The researchers studied 51 blaCTX-M-1 positive E. coli isolated from domestic animals including chicken, horses (both racetrack and community horses), swine, turkey, dogs, beef cattle, and dairy cattle.
  • Whole-genome sequencing was conducted using both Illumina and Oxford Nanopore technologies.
  • Genomes were assembled using either Unicycler hybrid assembly or Flye, with polishing performed using Pilon.
  • This study organized its gene finding into plasmid and chromosomally located genes.

Key Findings

  • blaCTX-M-1 was found residing on a plasmid in 45 isolates and chromosomally located in six isolates.
  • A conserved IncI1/ST3 plasmid was identified among various domestic animals like chickens, turkeys, swine, dogs, and beef cattle.
  • These identified plasmids have a high degree of similarity to those identified in poultry and swine in Europe, suggesting that a similar IncI1/ST3 plasmid epidemic is contributing to the spread of blaCTX-M-1 in Canada.
  • A conserved IncHI1/FIA(HI1)/ST2 plasmid was also recovered from nearly all racetrack horse isolates. Unlike the IncHI1/ST2 plasmids that have been reported among European horse isolates, IncHI1/ST9 plasmids appear to be more widespread.

Implications and Conclusions

  • The results of this study provide valuable insights into the genetic profiles of blaCTX-M-1 plasmids circulating in E. coli from Canadian domestic animals, and can serve as foundation for future research to understand the factors contributing to these plasmids’ success in their respective populations.
  • Detection of the same epidemic plasmid in Canada as in Europe indicates a possible global spread and highlights the necessity of further inquiries and preventive measures in domestic animal populations to reduce plasmid transmission.

Cite This Article

APA
Cormier AC, Chalmers G, Zamudio R, Mulvey MR, Mather AE, Boerlin P. (2022). Diversity of blaCTX-M-1-carrying plasmids recovered from Escherichia coli isolated from Canadian domestic animals. PLoS One, 17(3), e0264439. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264439

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 17
Issue: 3
Pages: e0264439
PII: e0264439

Researcher Affiliations

Cormier, Ashley C
  • Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Chalmers, Gabhan
  • Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Zamudio, Roxana
  • Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom.
Mulvey, Michael R
  • National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Mather, Alison E
  • Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom.
  • University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom.
Boerlin, Patrick
  • Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Domestic / genetics
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Canada
  • Cattle
  • Chickens / genetics
  • Dogs
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli Infections / veterinary
  • Horses / genetics
  • Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein / genetics
  • Plasmids / genetics
  • Swine
  • beta-Lactamases / genetics

Grant Funding

  • MR/R000948/1 / Medical Research Council

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Citations

This article has been cited 10 times.
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