Dynamics of cardiorespiratory function in Standardbred horses during different intensities of constant-load exercise.
Abstract: Six Standardbred horses were used to evaluate the time course of pulmonary gas exchange, ventilation, heart rate (HR) and acid base balance during different intensities of constant-load treadmill exercise. Horses were exercised at approximately 50%, 75% and 100% maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) for 5 min and measurements taken every 30 s throughout exercise. At all work rates, the minute ventilation, respiratory frequency and tidal volume reached steady state values by 60 s of exercise. At 100% VO2 max, the oxygen consumption (VO2) increased to mean values of approximately 130 ml/kg.min, which represents a 40-fold increase above resting VO2. At the low and moderate work rates, VO2 showed no significant change from 30 s to 300 s of exercise. At the high work rate, the mean VO2 at 30 s was 80% of the value at 300 s. The HR showed no significant change over time at the moderate work rate but differing responses at the low and high work rates. At the low work rate, the mean HR decreased from 188 beats/min at 30 s to 172 beats/min at 300 s exercise, whereas at the high work rate the mean HR increased from 204 beats/min at 30 s to 221 beats/min at 300 s exercise. No changes in acid base status occurred during exercise at the low work rate. At the moderate work rate, a mild metabolic acidosis occurred which was nonprogressive with time, whereas the high work rate resulted in a progressive metabolic acidosis with a base deficit of 16 mmol/l by 300 s exercise.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1988-01-01 PubMed ID: 3351025DOI: 10.1007/BF00691010Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study investigates how Standardbred horses’ cardiorespiratory functions react over time during different intensities of treadmill exercise. The data show that horses reach stable breathing and heart rate within 60 seconds of exercise, regardless of the intensity. However, oxygen consumption and heart rate reactions differ across exercise intensities, with prominent changes observed most prominently at the highest intensity.
Methodology and Parameters Assessed
- The study used six Standardbred horses as its subjects, exercising them on a treadmill at intensities relating to 50%, 75%, and 100% of their maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) for five minute intervals.
- During these bouts of exercise, various measurements were recorded every 30 seconds, including ventilation, heart rate, acid-base balance, and oxygen consumption.
Results and Findings
- Regardless of exercise intensity, minute ventilation, respiratory frequency, and tidal volume achieved a steady-state by 60 seconds into the exercise.
- At maximum intensity (100% VO2 max), the horses’ oxygen consumption jumped to an average of 130 ml/kg.min, a forty-fold increase from their resting oxygen consumption.
- Oxygen consumption levels remained relatively stable from 30 seconds to 300 seconds during low and moderate exercise intensities. In contrast, during the most intense exercise (100% VO2 max), the oxygen consumption at 30 seconds was 80% of its eventual 300 second value.
- Heart rates showed different patterns depending on the intensity level. At the moderate intensity, heart rate remained relatively steady. At the low intensity, the average heart rate dropped slightly over time from 188 to 172 beats/min. However, at the highest intensity, heart rate increased from an average of 204 to 221 beats/min.
- Acid-base balance remained unchanged at the lowest intensity but showed a slight, non-progressing metabolic acidosis at moderate intensity. At the highest intensity however, a progressive metabolic acidosis occurred, with a base deficit of 16 mmol/l by the end of the exercise.
Conclusions
- The results indicate that horses can rapidly establish stable cardiorespiratory parameters during exercise, with particular responses and changes showing dependency on the exercise intensity.
- This study suggests useful information for understanding the physiological responses of horses during exercise and may guide future practices for equine athletic training and health management.
Cite This Article
APA
Evans DL, Rose RJ.
(1988).
Dynamics of cardiorespiratory function in Standardbred horses during different intensities of constant-load exercise.
J Comp Physiol B, 157(6), 791-799.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00691010 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, University of Sydney, Australia.
MeSH Terms
- Bicarbonates / blood
- Exercise Test
- Heart / physiology
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Lung / physiology
- Respiratory Function Tests
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Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Halsey LG, White CR. Measuring energetics and behaviour using accelerometry in cane toads Bufo marinus. PLoS One 2010 Apr 21;5(4):e10170.
- Gauvreau GM, Young SS, Staempfli H, McCutcheon LJ, Wilson BA, McDonell WN. The relationship between respiratory exchange ratio, plasma lactate and muscle lactate concentrations in exercising horses using a valved gas collection system. Can J Vet Res 1996 Jul;60(3):161-71.
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