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Home / Equine Research Bank / Stem Cells Int / Effect of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 on Equine Synovial Flui...
Stem cells international2015; 2016; 9364974; doi: 10.1155/2016/9364974

Effect of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 on Equine Synovial Fluid Chondroprogenitor Expansion and Chondrogenesis.

Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells have been identified in the synovial fluid of several species. This study was conducted to characterize chondroprogenitor (CP) cells in equine synovial fluid (SF) and to determine the effect of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) on SF-CP monolayer proliferation and subsequent chondrogenesis. We hypothesized that FGF-2 would stimulate SF-CP proliferation and postexpansion chondrogenesis. SF aspirates were collected from adult equine joints. Colony-forming unit (CFU) assays were performed during primary cultures. At first passage, SF-cells were seeded at low density, with or without FGF-2. Following monolayer expansion and serial immunophenotyping, cells were transferred to chondrogenic pellet cultures. Pellets were analyzed for chondrogenic mRNA expression and cartilage matrix secretion. There was a mean of 59.2 CFU/mL of SF. FGF-2 increased the number of population doublings during two monolayer passages and halved the population doubling times. FGF-2 did not alter the immunophenotype of SF-CPs during monolayer expansion, nor did FGF-2 compromise chondrogenesis. Hypertrophic phenotypic markers were not expressed in control or FGF-2 groups. FGF-2 did prevent the development of a "fibroblastic" cell layer around pellet periphery. FGF-2 significantly accelerates in vitro SF-CP expansion, the major hurdle to clinical application of this cell population, without detrimentally affecting subsequent chondrogenic capacity.
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Publication Date: 2015-12-29 PubMed ID: 26839571PubMed Central: PMC4709790DOI: 10.1155/2016/9364974Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigated the role of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) in the development of chondroprogenitor (CP) cells in horse joint fluid. The study found that FGF-2 effectively stimulated the growth of these cells without altering their characteristics or affecting their ability to form cartilage.

Study Design and Methodology

  • The research was carried out by collecting synovial fluid, the clear fluid that lubricates joints, from adult horse joints.
  • This fluid was then cultivated in labs to form colony-forming unit (CFU) in primary cultures, to understand the behavior and growth rate of CP cells.
  • At the first passage, the fluid cells were seeded at a low density, with some of them subjected to the effects of FGF-2, and some left without.
  • After the cells had gone through expansion and serial immunophenotyping (process of defining cells), they were moved to form chondrogenic (cartilage-forming) pellet cultures.

Results of the Study

  • The study found that the Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) positively influenced the growth rate of the synovial fluid chondroprogenitor (SF-CP) cells, resulting in an increased number of cell divisions.
  • The results also showed that FGF-2 halved the time it took for the cell population to double, signifying a significant acceleration in growth.
  • It was noted that FGF-2 did not alter the immune characteristics of SF-CP cells during growth nor did it detrimentally affect the cells’ ability to form into cartilage.
  • Furthermore, FGF-2 also prevented the development of a “fibroblastic” cell layer around the pellet periphery. This is significant as fibroblast cells are responsible for the production of extracellular matrix and collagen, key components of connective tissues.
  • Lastly, hypertrophic phenotypic markers, commonly associated with the enlarged growth of an organ, were not expressed in either the control or FGF-2 groups, further supporting the hypothesis.

Conclusions Drawn from the Research

  • The results of this study demonstrate the potential application of FGF-2 in stimulating the growth of CP cells, crucial for the repair of cartilage tissues.
  • The findings suggest that FGF-2 could significantly accelerate the in vitro expansion of these cells, which is currently one of the major obstacles standing in the way of using this cell population in clinical applications.

Cite This Article

APA
Bianchessi M, Chen Y, Durgam S, Pondenis H, Stewart M. (2015). Effect of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 on Equine Synovial Fluid Chondroprogenitor Expansion and Chondrogenesis. Stem Cells Int, 2016, 9364974. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9364974

Publication

Stem cells international
ISSN: 1687-966X
NlmUniqueID: 101535822
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 2016
Pages: 9364974
PII: 9364974

Researcher Affiliations

Bianchessi, Marta
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Chen, Yuwen
  • QPS Taiwan, Center of Toxicology and Preclinical Sciences, No. 103, Lane 169, Kangning Street, Xizhi District, New Taipei City 221, Taiwan.
Durgam, Sushmitha
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Pondenis, Holly
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Stewart, Matthew
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.

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Citations

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