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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Effect of plasma transfusion on serum amyloid A concentratio...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2023; 37(2); 697-702; doi: 10.1111/jvim.16647

Effect of plasma transfusion on serum amyloid A concentration in healthy neonatal foals and foals with failure of transfer of passive immunity.

Abstract: Anecdotal evidence suggests plasma transfusions increase serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations in healthy neonatal foals making this marker of inflammation inappropriate for therapeutic decision making in such animals. Objective: Administration of hyperimmune fresh frozen plasma (FFP) increases SAA concentration in healthy foals and in foals with failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI). Methods: Eighty-six healthy foals. Methods: Prospective cohort study. Foals <24 hours of age receiving plasma transfusion for treatment of FTPI (serum immunoglobulin G [IgG] concentrations 8 g/L; n = 33) were enrolled. A healthy nontransfused group of foals (IgG >8 g/L; n = 21) also was included. Serum amyloid A concentration was determined before (t0h) and after (t24h) administration of FFP. Changes in blood SAA concentration were assessed using linear regression models. Results: No statistical differences were found in SAA concentration at t0h or t24h among the 3 groups (P > .05, for all comparisons). The variation in SAA concentration before (t0h) and after (t24h) plasma transfusion showed that administration of FFP was not associated with the changes in SAA concentration (P > .05). An association between SAA concentration at t0h and at 24 hours (P < .05) was identified, where foals with higher SAA concentration at t0h also had higher SAA concentration at t24h. Conclusions: Administration of FFP to newborn foals was not associated with changes in SAA concentration.
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2023-02-24 PubMed ID: 36825688PubMed Central: PMC10061169DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16647Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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This research explores the influence of plasma transfusion on the concentration of serum amyloid A (SAA) in healthy newborn foals and those with a failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI). The researchers show that despite anecdotal claims, there’s no significant effect of plasma transfusion on SAA levels, so it can continue to be used as an inflammation marker in therapeutic decision-making for neonatal foals.

Objective and Methods

  • The objective of the study was to find out if the administration of hyperimmune fresh frozen plasma (FFP) affects SAA concentration in healthy foals and in foals with FTPI.
  • The study followed a prospective cohort design, where the researchers monitored 86 healthy foals that were less than 24 hours old. Foals receiving plasma transfusion as part of FTPI treatment (serum Immunoglobulin G [IgG] concentrations less than 8 g/L; n = 17), or as a preventative measure against Rhodococcus equi infection (IgG more than 8 g/L; n = 33), were enrolled. A third, healthy, non-transfused group of foals (IgG more than 8 g/L; n = 21) was also included for comparison.
  • Serum amyloid A concentration was determined before and after the administration of FFP (t0h and t24h). Changes in SAA concentration in the blood were analyzed using linear regression models.

Results

  • The researchers found no statistical differences between SAA concentrations at t0h or t24h among the three groups of foals (P > .05, showing no statistically significant difference). This indicates that receiving transfusion didn’t result in measurable differences in SAA levels across the groups.
  • The comparison of SAA concentration before and after plasma transfusion revealed that administration of FFP wasn’t associated with changes in SAA concentration (P > .05, indicating a lack of statistical significance).
  • An association between SAA concentration at t0h and t24h (P < .05, indicating statistical significance) was identified, where foals with higher SAA concentration at t0h also demonstrated higher SAA concentration at t24h, suggesting a consistent level in individual subjects over time.

Conclusions

  • The study concluded that the administration of FFP to newborn foals was not associated with changes in SAA concentration, refuting the anecdotal evidence that plasma transfusion increases SAA concentration in neonatal foals.
  • This means that SAA can remain a useful biomarker for inflammation in neonatal foals that have received FFP transfusion, either for FTPI treatment or as a preventative measure against Rhodococcus equi infection.

Cite This Article

APA
Palmisano M, Javsicas L, McNaughten J, Gamsjäger L, Renaud DL, Gomez DE. (2023). Effect of plasma transfusion on serum amyloid A concentration in healthy neonatal foals and foals with failure of transfer of passive immunity. J Vet Intern Med, 37(2), 697-702. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16647

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 37
Issue: 2
Pages: 697-702

Researcher Affiliations

Palmisano, Megan
  • Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
Javsicas, Laura
  • Rhinebeck Equine LLP, Rhinebeck, New York, USA.
McNaughten, Justin
  • Palm Beach Equine Clinic, Wellington, Florida, USA.
Gamsjäger, Lisa
  • Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
Renaud, David L
  • Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada.
Gomez, Diego E
  • Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Serum Amyloid A Protein / analysis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Blood Component Transfusion / veterinary
  • Plasma / chemistry
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Horse Diseases

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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