Effect of vaccination against leptospirosis on the frequency, days to recurrence and progression of disease in horses with equine recurrent uveitis.
Abstract: To evaluate the effect of vaccination against leptospirosis on frequency and days to recurrence of uveitis and progression of disease in horses with equine recurrent uveitis (ERU). Methods: Forty-one horses with ERU. Methods: Horses were randomly assigned to experimental (vaccinated) or control groups. Vaccine containing six serovars of Leptospira or placebo was administered, an ophthalmic examination performed and blood samples drawn on days 0, 28, 180 and 365. Antibody titers were measured against each serovar. Recurrence of uveitis was verified by ophthalmic examination. Results of the initial and final ophthalmic examinations were compared and progression of disease defined as an increase in extent of synechiae, or development of new or progression of an existing cataract. Results: Vaccination increased the average geometric mean serum antibody titer from 225 on day 0, to 4077 and 593 on days 28 and 180, respectively. After the second vaccination, days to first recurrence was significantly longer (median 126 days; range 24-231 days) when compared with controls (median 86 days; range 14-192 days, P=0.04). Recurrence of ERU was observed among 7/20 (35%) vaccinated horses and 12/21 (57%) controls; however, this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.061, OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.06, 1.07). More horses in the experimental group 13/20 (65%) experienced progression of disease when compared with controls 12/21(57%); however, this difference was statistically nonsignificant (P=0.35). Conclusions: Vaccine significantly increased days to recurrence, but failed to slow the progression of disease. These data do not support the use of vaccination against leptospirosis as adjunct therapy for the routine treatment of horses with ERU.
Publication Date: 2005-05-25 PubMed ID: 15910370DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2005.00367.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Clinical Trial
- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research is about evaluating the effect of leptospirosis vaccination on the frequency, recurrence and disease progression in horses affected with Equine Recurrent Uveitis (ERU).
Research Methodology
- Forty-one horses diagnosed with ERU were used in this study.
- Randomly, they were divided into two groups – the experimental (vaccinated) and the control groups.
- The experimental group was administered with a vaccine containing six serovars of Leptospira while the control group received a placebo.
- Ophthalmic examinations were conducted and blood samples were collected on the 0th, 28th, 180th, and 365th days.
- The antibody titers against each serovar were measured.
- Recurrence of ERU was confirmed via an ophthalmic examination.
Key Findings
- The vaccination successfully heightened the average geometric mean serum antibody titer from the base figure of 225 on day 0, to 4077 and 593 on day 28 and 180, respectively.
- For the vaccinated horses, the days until first recurrence was significantly longer with a median of 126 days (range: 24-231 days) when compared to median of 86 days (range: 14-192 days) in the control group. This difference was statistically significant.
- Recurrence of ERU was observed in 35% of vaccinated horses (7 out of 20) and 57% of controls (12 out of 21), however, the difference was not statistically significant.
- More horses in the experimental group (65%) experienced progression of disease compared to the control group (57%), yet this difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions
- The vaccine usage significantly increased the days to recurrence, but could not slow the progression of the disease.
- The findings do not support the use of vaccination against leptospirosis as an additional therapy for the routine treatment of horses with ERU.
Cite This Article
APA
Rohrbach BW, Ward DA, Hendrix DV, Cawrse-Foss M, Moyers TD.
(2005).
Effect of vaccination against leptospirosis on the frequency, days to recurrence and progression of disease in horses with equine recurrent uveitis.
Vet Ophthalmol, 8(3), 171-179.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-5224.2005.00367.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. brohrbac@utk.edu
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bacterial Vaccines
- Disease Progression
- Eye Infections, Bacterial / prevention & control
- Eye Infections, Bacterial / veterinary
- Female
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses
- Leptospira / immunology
- Leptospirosis / prevention & control
- Leptospirosis / veterinary
- Male
- Recurrence
- Treatment Outcome
- Uveitis / prevention & control
- Uveitis / veterinary
- Vaccination / veterinary
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