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Effects of 1-MHz Ultrasound on Epaxial Muscle Temperature in Horses.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the tissue temperature changes that occur at various depths during 1.0-MHz ultrasound (US) treatments of the epaxial muscles in horses. Ten healthy adult mares with no lameness or orthopedic disease weighing between 465 and 576 kg were studied. Two 1.0 MHz US treatments, one at an intensity of 1.0 W/cm and one at 2.0 W/cm, were administered to the epaxial region. Needle thermistors were inserted in the epaxial muscles below the skin surface at depths of 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 cm, directly under the US treatment area. Depths were verified with diagnostic ultrasound. Both intensities of US treatment were performed on each horse over a 20 cm area for 10 min using a sound head with an effective radiating area of 10 cm. Treatments were administered in random order. Tissue temperature was measured before, during, and for an additional 10 min after the end of US treatment. Mean temperatures for each time point, location, and intensity was recorded at 30 s intervals. A mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures was used to test for differences in these means. Individual differences in the means was tested for by a Least Significant Difference (LSD) mean separation test. At the completion of the 10 min US treatment, the temperature rise at an intensity of 1.0 W/cm was 1.55°C at the 1.0 cm depth, 1.18°C at 3.0 cm depth, and 1.29°C at 5.0 cm depth. At an intensity of 2.0 W/cm, temperatures rose 2.48°C at the 1.0 cm depth, 1.24°C at 3.0 cm depth, and 1.95°C at 5.0 cm depth. The main findings of the study is that use of therapeutic ultrasound with a 1.0 MHz US for 10 min in horse's epaxial muscles when clipped creates the greatest heat at 1.0 cm. The heat in the tissues at 5 cm depth is more than at 3 cm depth.
Publication Date: 2019-06-06 PubMed ID: 31245392PubMed Central: PMC6562276DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00177Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The study explores how 1.0-MHz ultrasound therapy affects tissue temperature in various depths of the epaxial muscles in horses. It found that 1.0-MHz ultrasound for 10 minutes creates the highest heat at a depth of 1.0 cm in horse’s epaxial muscles.
Research Methodology
- The research studied ten healthy adult mares without any lameness or orthopedic disorder, with their weight ranging between 465 and 576 kg.
- Two 1.0 MHz ultrasound treatments were applied to the horses’ epaxial region, one at an intensity of 1.0 W/cm and the other at 2.0 W/cm.
- To measure temperature changes, needle thermistors were inserted at depths of 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 cm directly under the ultrasound treatment area.
- Each ultrasound treatment was performed on a 20 cm area for 10 minutes, both intensity levels were applied in a random order, and tissue temperature was monitored before, during, and 10 minutes after the treatment.
- The temperature was recorded every 30 seconds and compared using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test to identify any differences.
Research Findings
- With an intensity of 1.0W/cm, post-10-min ultrasound treatment temperatures rose by 1.55°C at the 1 cm depth, 1.18°C at 3 cm, and 1.29°C at 5 cm.
- At an intensity of 2.0W/cm, temperatures increased by 2.48°C at 1.0 cm, 1.24°C at 3.0 cm, and 1.95°C at 5.0 cm.
- The study found that a 10-minute, 1.0-MHz ultrasound therapy creates the highest heat at a 1.0 cm depth in horse’s epaxial muscles.
- Unlike most expectations, the increase in temperature was higher at the 5 cm depth than at the 3 cm depth.
Implications
- The findings show that the depth of application and the intensity of the ultrasound have a significant impact on the heating effect of ultrasound therapy in horses.
- This information can be used to optimize ultrasound treatment protocols in equine therapy.
Cite This Article
APA
Adair HS, Levine D.
(2019).
Effects of 1-MHz Ultrasound on Epaxial Muscle Temperature in Horses.
Front Vet Sci, 6, 177.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00177 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States.
- Department of Physical Therapy, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, United States.
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This article includes 33 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Boström A, Asplund K, Bergh A, Hyytiäinen H. Systematic Review of Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine in Sport and Companion Animals: Therapeutic Ultrasound. Animals (Basel) 2022 Nov 14;12(22).
- de Melo UP, Ferreira C. Multimodal therapy for treatment of equine back pain: a report of 15 cases. Braz J Vet Med 2021;43:e003321.
- Calle-González N, Rivero JL, Olivares J, Miró F, Argüelles D, Requena F, Munoz A. Assessing thermal changes in the equine thoracolumbar region following different capacitive-resistive electrical transfer protocols. Front Vet Sci 2025;12:1570120.
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