Effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on bone.
Abstract: Extracorporeal shock waves have been used for 30 years to fragment uroliths for nonsurgical treatment for urolithiasis in humans. Applied to bone, shock waves delivered at the appropriate energy and pulse number, can stimulate osteogenesis. In Europe, shock waves are routinely used to treat nonunions in humans despite poor understanding of the mechanism of action. Shock wave therapy has also been used clinically in horses. Preliminary experimental studies indicate that shock wave therapy does not damage soft tissue in the distal aspect of the equine limb and can stimulate osteogenesis throughout the depth of the near cortex of the metacarpus and metatarsus.
Publication Date: 2003-12-23 PubMed ID: 14687185DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2004.04013.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research discusses the therapeutic use of extracorporeal shock waves on bones, demonstrating that they can stimulate osteogenesis (bone formation) and are routinely used in Europe for the treatment of nonunions in humans, as well as in veterinary settings for horses. Experimental findings suggest the therapy doesn’t damage soft tissue and fosters bone development in certain areas of equine limbs.
Background
- Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a noninvasive treatment that has been employed for decades in the medical field, primarily for urolithiasis, a condition involving the formation of stones in the urinary tract. This therapy uses shock waves to break down stones into smaller pieces which can be then passed out of the body more easily.
Application on Bones
- The research indicates that when applied to bones, these shock waves have the ability to stimulate osteogenesis, or the formation of new bone tissues. This is achieved by delivering shock waves at a precise energy level and pulse number.
Use in Europe
- This method is regularly used in Europe to treat nonunions, which refers to a failure of a fractured bone to heal or a failure of a fusion process. However, the exact mechanism of how ESWT promotes bone healing remains poorly understood.
Usage in Veterinary medicine
- Extracorporeal shock wave therapy extends its utility in veterinary medicine too, particularly in treating horses. Both clinically and experimentally, ESWT has been shown to successfully stimulate bone growth without inflicting damage to the surrounding soft tissues.
- The study specifies this therapy’s effectiveness in regions like the distal aspect of the equine limb, and on the near cortex of the metacarpus and metatarsus of horses.
Conclusion of the research
- In conclusion, despite a lack of complete understanding of how ESWT promotes bone healing, its demonstrated efficacy and minimal invasiveness support its application in both human medicine, specifically in the treatment of nonunions, and in veterinary medicine, particularly for the treatment of horses.
Cite This Article
APA
McClure SR, Van Sickle D, White MR.
(2003).
Effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on bone.
Vet Surg, 33(1), 40-48.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950x.2004.04013.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010-1250, USA. mcclures@iastate.edu
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bone and Bones / physiology
- Bone and Bones / radiation effects
- High-Energy Shock Waves
- Horses / physiology
- Lithotripsy / veterinary
References
This article includes 48 references
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Koolen MKE, Pouran B, Öner FC, Zadpoor AA, van der Jagt OP, Weinans H. Unfocused shockwaves for osteoinduction in bone substitutes in rat cortical bone defects. PLoS One 2018;13(7):e0200020.
- Zhai L, Ma XL, Jiang C, Zhang B, Liu ST, Xing GY. Human autologous mesenchymal stem cells with extracorporeal shock wave therapy for nonunion of long bones. Indian J Orthop 2016 Sep;50(5):543-550.
- Chen XF, Huang HM, Li XL, Liu GJ, Zhang H. Slightly focused high-energy shockwave therapy: a potential adjuvant treatment for osteoporotic fracture. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015;8(4):5044-54.
- Czarnowska-Cubała M, Gwoździewicz K, Studniarek M, Lasek J. Predictive role of scintigraphy (BS) in bone union induction using extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT). J Orthop 2013;10(2):70-3.
- Raabe O, Shell K, Goessl A, Crispens C, Delhasse Y, Eva A, Scheiner-Bobis G, Wenisch S, Arnhold S. Effect of extracorporeal shock wave on proliferation and differentiation of equine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Am J Stem Cells 2013;2(1):62-73.
- Ramasamy A, Masouros SD, Newell N, Hill AM, Proud WG, Brown KA, Bull AM, Clasper JC. In-vehicle extremity injuries from improvised explosive devices: current and future foci. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2011 Jan 27;366(1562):160-70.
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