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Home / Equine Research Bank / Stem Cells Int / Effects of Hypoxia and Chitosan on Equine Umbilical Cord-Der...
Stem cells international2016; 2016; 2987140; doi: 10.1155/2016/2987140

Effects of Hypoxia and Chitosan on Equine Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Abstract: Chitosan opens new perspectives in regenerative medicine as it enhances the properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through formation of spheroids. Hypoxia has also been proposed to enhance stemness and survival of MSCs after in vivo implantation. These characteristics are relevant to the development of an off-the-shelf source of allogenic cells for regenerative therapy of tendinopathies. Umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCM-MSCs) offer an abundant source of immature and immunoprivileged stem cells. In this study, equine UCM-MSCs (eqUCM-MSCs) conditioned for 3 and 7 days on chitosan films at 5% oxygen were compared to eqUCM-MSCs under standard conditions. Equine UCM-MSCs formed spheroids on chitosan but yielded 72% less DNA than standard eqUCM-MSCs. Expression of Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog was 4 to 10 times greater in conditioned cells at day 7. Fluorescence-labeled cells cultured for 7 days under standard conditions or on chitosan films under hypoxia were compared in a bilateral patellar tendon defect model in rats. Fluorescence was present in all treated tendons, but the modulus of elasticity under tension was greater in tendons treated with conditioned cells. Chitosan and hypoxia affected cell yield but improved the stemness of eqUCM-MSCs and their contribution to the healing of tissues. Given the abundance of allogenic cells, these properties are highly relevant to clinical applications and outweigh the negative impact on cell proliferation.
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Publication Date: 2016-06-09 PubMed ID: 27379167PubMed Central: PMC4917753DOI: 10.1155/2016/2987140Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on understanding how chitosan and hypoxia can affect the properties of mesenchymal stem cells derived from equine umbilical cords, providing new insights for regenerative therapies around tendinopathies.

Research Methods and Context

  • This study is rooted in the expanding field of regenerative medicine, where the primary goal is to restore the normal function of cells, tissues, or organs that have been damaged.
  • Specifically, this research examines mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the umbilical cord of horses. These cells, known as equine umbilical cord-derived MSCs (eqUCM-MSCs), are especially attractive as they are highly plentiful and have a high degree of ‘stemness’ – the ability to develop into multiple tissue types.
  • The study investigates the impact of chitosan, a sugar that enhances the properties of MSCs, and hypoxia (low oxygen conditions), known to enhance the survival of MSCs after implantation.

Key Findings

  • The findings indicate that when eqUCM-MSCs are conditioned on chitosan films under hypoxic conditions, they display greater expression of key genes (Sox2, Oct4, Nanog) which underscores their ‘stemness’.
  • However, the conditioning process results in a lower yield of cells – specifically, there was 72% less DNA compared to cells kept under standard conditions.
  • In a rat model, the cells conditioned under hypoxia and on chitosan films contributed more to the healing of tendon defects than cells grown under standard conditions. This was deduced from a greater modulus of elasticity found in tendons treated with conditioned cells.

Significance and Implications

  • Crucially, the findings suggest that while chitosan and hypoxia do diminish the proliferation of the MSCs, they considerably enhance the cells’ stemness and survival upon implantation, therefore promoting tissue healing.
  • The key trade-off here is between cell proliferation and function. While proliferation was decreased, this was more than compensated by an increase in functionality, which is a vital consideration in clinical applications.
  • These findings open a promising avenue for the treatment of tendinopathies, as well as other conditions that may benefit from the introduction of high functioning MSCs in their therapy.

Cite This Article

APA
Griffon DJ, Cho J, Wagner JR, Charavaryamath C, Wei J, Wagoner Johnson A. (2016). Effects of Hypoxia and Chitosan on Equine Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int, 2016, 2987140. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2987140

Publication

Stem cells international
ISSN: 1687-966X
NlmUniqueID: 101535822
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 2016
Pages: 2987140
PII: 2987140

Researcher Affiliations

Griffon, D J
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Cho, J
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Wagner, J R
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Charavaryamath, C
  • Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Wei, J
  • Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Wagoner Johnson, A
  • Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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