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Veterinary ophthalmology2020; 23(4); 730-739; doi: 10.1111/vop.12794

Effects of topical 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride on quantitative pupillometry measurements, tear production and intraocular pressure in healthy horses.

Abstract: To evaluate the effect of topical cyclopentolate hydrochloride (CH) on quantitative pupillometric readings (PR), tear production (TP), and intraocular pressure (IOP) in healthy horses. Methods: Fourteen client-owned horses. Methods: In a two-phase design study, each animal received 1% CH ophthalmic solution in the left eye [treated] and 0.9% NaCl in the right eye [control] (0.2 mL each). In the first phase (n = 7), TP, IOP, and PR assessment was performed by Schirmer tear test I, rebound tonometry and static pupillometry, at 1, 8, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 148, 172, and 196-hours post-instillation. In the second phase (n = 7), plateau mydriasis was evaluated by assessing PR hourly for 8 hours post-instillation. For PR assessment, pupil area (PA), vertical diameter (VPD), and horizontal diameter (HPD) were recorded. All pupillometries were obtained in a room with fixed light intensity (45-60 lux). Statistical analysis was performed by generalized estimating equations method for the effect on parameters over time. Results: After topical CH, significant differences in pupil dilation were seen from 1 to 172 hours for VPD and from 8 to 24 hours for PA, without significant differences on HPD over time. In the second phase, plateau PA and VPD were reached at 3 hours, while plateau HPD at 2 hours. No significant effects were detected on TP and IOP in both eyes at any time, nor on PR of the nontreated eyes. Conclusions: Topical 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride could be considered an effective and safe option when a mydriatic/cycloplegic drug is needed in horses.
© 2020 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.
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Publication Date: 2020-06-10 PubMed ID: 32519781DOI: 10.1111/vop.12794Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the effects of cyclopentolate hydrochloride, a type of eye drops, on a horse’s pupils, tear production, and intraocular pressure; it found that this drug effectively dilates the pupils, doesn’t affect tear production or intraocular pressure, and could be safely used as a mydriatic/cycloplegic drug in horses.

Research Design and Methodology

In the study:

  • Fourteen horses that were clients’ pets were used as subjects.
  • The study had two phases. In each phase, the horses were treated with the cyclopentolate hydrochloride in one eye (the treated eye) whereas the other eye (the control eye) was treated with a simple saline solution.
  • In the first phase, tear production (TP), intraocular pressure (IOP), and pupillometric readings (PR) were assessed at various intervals post-instillation from 1 to 196 hours. TP was tested using the Schirmer tear test I, IOP with rebound tonometry and PR by static pupillometry.
  • In the second phase, the state of plateau mydriasis (severe dilation of the pupil) was evaluated by assessing PR hourly for the first 8 hours after instillation. The pupil area (PA), vertical pupil diameter (VPD), and horizontal pupil diameter (HPD) were measured and recorded.
  • All pupillometry measurements were obtained in a room with fixed light intensity to control external factors impacting pupil size.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to observe the effect on these parameters over time and to assess any differences between the treated and control eyes.

Results of the Study

  • Results showed significant pupil dilation observed from 1 to 172 hours in the treated eyes for VPD, and from 8 to 24 hours for the PA. However, there was no significant difference observed in the HPD over any time.
  • In the second phase, it was observed that PA and VPD reached plateau at approximately 3 hours after treatment, while HPD plateaued quicker, at the 2-hour mark.
  • Importantly, no significant effects were observed on tear production and intraocular pressure in either the treated or control eyes at any time.
  • Additionally, the pupillometric readings of the untreated eyes did not show any significant alterations.

Conclusions

  • The results indicate the potential usage of cyclopentolate hydrochloride as an effective and safe option to induce pupil dilation (mydriasis) without affecting tear production or intraocular pressure in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Ortillés Á, Sanmartí J, Ríos J, Armengou L, Peña MT, Leiva M. (2020). Effects of topical 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride on quantitative pupillometry measurements, tear production and intraocular pressure in healthy horses. Vet Ophthalmol, 23(4), 730-739. https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.12794

Publication

Veterinary ophthalmology
ISSN: 1463-5224
NlmUniqueID: 100887377
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 23
Issue: 4
Pages: 730-739

Researcher Affiliations

Ortillés, Ángel
  • Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
Sanmartí, Júlia
  • Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
Ríos, Jose
  • Laboratory of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
Armengou, Lara
  • Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
  • Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animal, Facultat de Veterinaria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
Peña, María T
  • Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
  • Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animal, Facultat de Veterinaria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
Leiva, Marta
  • Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
  • Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animal, Facultat de Veterinaria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cyclopentolate / administration & dosage
  • Cyclopentolate / pharmacology
  • Female
  • Horses
  • Intraocular Pressure / drug effects
  • Male
  • Mydriatics / administration & dosage
  • Mydriatics / pharmacology
  • Ophthalmic Solutions / administration & dosage
  • Ophthalmic Solutions / pharmacology
  • Reference Values
  • Tears / drug effects
  • Tonometry, Ocular / veterinary

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