Efficacy of a canarypox-vectored recombinant vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin gene of equine influenza H3N8 virus in the protection of ponies from viral challenge.
Abstract: To determine onset and duration of immunity provided by a 2- or 3-dose series of a new canarypox-vectored recombinant vaccine for equine influenza virus (rCP-EIV vaccine) expressing the hemagglutinin genes of influenza H3N8 virus strains A/eq/Kentucky/94 and A/eq/Newmarket/2/93 in ponies. Methods: Forty-nine 1- to 3-year-old male Welsh Mountain Ponies that were seronegative for equine influenza virus. Methods: Vaccinated and control ponies were challenged with aerosolized influenza virus A/eq/Sussex/89 (H3N8), representative of the Eurasian lineage of circulating influenza viruses. In trial 1, control ponies and ponies that received rCP-EIV vaccine were challenged 2 weeks after completion of the 2-dose primary vaccination program. In trial 2, ponies were challenged 5 months after 2 doses of rCP-EIV vaccine or 1 year after the first boosting dose of rCP-EIV vaccine, administered 5 months after completion of the primary vaccination program. After challenge, ponies were observed daily for clinical signs of influenza and nasal swab specimens were taken to monitor virus excretion. Results: The challenge reliably produced severe clinical signs consistent with influenza infection in the control ponies, and virus was shed for up to 7 days. The vaccination protocol provided clinical and virologic protection to vaccinates at 2 weeks and 5 months after completion of the primary vaccination program and at 12 months after the first booster. Conclusions: The rCP-EIV vaccine provided protection of ponies to viral challenge. Of particular importance was the protection at 5 months after the second dose, indicating that this vaccine closes an immunity gap between the second and third vaccination.
Publication Date: 2007-02-03 PubMed ID: 17269889DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.68.2.213Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study evaluates the effectiveness of a new canarypox-vectored recombinant vaccine (rCP-EIV) targeted at equine influenza virus (H3N8), in terms of its ability to immunize horses and determine the onset and duration of its protective effects. The findings show that the vaccine is successful in protecting the horses from viral challenges and particularly note the efficacy of protection even five months post the second dose of the vaccine.
Research Methodology
- The study involved 49 Welsh Mountain Ponies aged 1-3 years, who were seronegative for equine influenza virus. Vaccinated and non-vaccinated (control) ponies were exposed to aerosolized influenza virus.
- The research was divided into two trials. In the first, the ponies were challenged with the virus two weeks post their two-dose primary vaccination. In trial two, ponies were challenged at two different instances: five months post two doses of rCP-EIV vaccine and one year after the first booster dose, administered five months after completion of the primary vaccination schedule.
- The ponies were monitored for clinical symptoms of influenza and nasal swab samples were assessed to monitor the virus excretion.
Findings and Conclusion
- The control group, i.e., non-vaccinated ponies, showed severe clinical signs of influenza infection and shed the virus for up to seven days post-exposure. On the other hand, the vaccinated group showed protective effects both clinically and virologically two weeks and five months post primary vaccination, and one year post the first booster shot.
- The research concludes that the rCP-EIV vaccine is effective in providing protection against the equine influenza virus. The study highlights the importance of protection offered five months after the second dosage, indicating that the vaccine successfully bridges the immunity gap between the second and third doses of vaccination.
Cite This Article
APA
Minke JM, Toulemonde CE, Coupier H, Guigal PM, Dinic S, Sindle T, Jessett D, Black L, Bublot M, Pardo MC, Audonnet JC.
(2007).
Efficacy of a canarypox-vectored recombinant vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin gene of equine influenza H3N8 virus in the protection of ponies from viral challenge.
Am J Vet Res, 68(2), 213-219.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.68.2.213 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Merial SAS, 254 rue Marcel Mérieux, Lyon, 69007, France.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / blood
- Canarypox virus / genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / immunology
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / physiology
- Male
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
- Vaccines, Synthetic / genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic / immunology
Citations
This article has been cited 15 times.- El-Hage C, Hartley C, Savage C, Watson J, Gilkerson J, Paillot R. Assessment of Humoral and Long-Term Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to Recombinant Canarypox-Vectored Equine Influenza Virus Vaccination in Horses Using Conventional and Accelerated Regimens Respectively.. Vaccines (Basel) 2022 May 26;10(6).
- Bezbaruah R, Borah P, Kakoti BB, Al-Shar'I NA, Chandrasekaran B, Jaradat DMM, Al-Zeer MA, Abu-Romman S. Developmental Landscape of Potential Vaccine Candidates Based on Viral Vector for Prophylaxis of COVID-19.. Front Mol Biosci 2021;8:635337.
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