Efficacy of a live equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) strain C147 vaccine in foals with maternally-derived antibody: protection against EHV-1 infection.
Abstract: Currently, there is no recommended immunoprophylaxis against febrile respiratory diseases due to equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) and -4 (EHV-4) in horses below age 5-6 months. This is because of interference by maternally-derived antibody (MDA) of vaccines. Objective: Unweaned equine foals are an important reservoir of EHV-1 transmission; therefore, we experimentally assessed the efficacy of a live EHV-1 vaccine in foals age 1.4-3.5 months with MDA. Methods: Following vaccination and challenge, parameters assessed were virus shedding in nasal mucus, leucocyte-associated viraemia, circulating virus neutralising antibody activity and clinical reactions. Results: Controlled challenge showed that a single intranasal dose of the vaccine afforded partial but significant protection against febrile respiratory disease, virus shedding and viraemia due to EHV-1 infection, despite virus-neutralising MDA. Conclusions: The prospective vaccine would be a significant step forward in reducing the incidence of the disease caused by EHV-1 infection.
Publication Date: 2004-07-16 PubMed ID: 15253088DOI: 10.2746/0425164044868332Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article discusses a study conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a live equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) vaccine in young foals with maternally-derived antibodies. The vaccine was shown to offer significant protection against respiratory disease, virus shedding, and viremia, marking a significant step towards reducing disease incidence.
Introduction
- The researchers aimed to address the lack of recommended immunoprophylaxis for febrile respiratory diseases caused by EHV-1 and EHV-4 in horses under the age of 5-6 months. This gap exists due to the interference of maternally-derived antibodies with vaccines.
- The study pinpointed unweaned equine foals as crucial transmitters of EHV-1 and sought to gauge the effectiveness of a live EHV-1 vaccine in foals aged 1.4-3.5 months carrying these maternal antibodies.
Methods
- The researchers observed several parameters after vaccination and controlled challenge. These included virus shedding in nasal mucus, leukocyte-associated viremia, neutralising antibody activity in circulation, and any clinical reactions observed in the subjects.
Results
- The results demonstrated that a single intranasal dose of the tested vaccine provided partial, but significant, protection against febrile respiratory diseases. This protection was observed despite the neutralising effects of maternally-derived antibodies on the virus.
- Furthermore, the vaccine significantly reduced both virus shedding and viremia caused by EHV-1 infection, acting as an effective deterrent to the disease’s spread and progression.
Conclusion
- The research concluded that the promising live EHV-1 vaccine could be a substantial advancement towards reducing the prevalence of EHV-1 related diseases. Its ability to neutralise the virus and reduce transmission, despite interference from maternal antibodies, underscores its potential effectiveness in disease control within the equine population.
Cite This Article
APA
Patel JR, Didlick S, Bateman H.
(2004).
Efficacy of a live equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) strain C147 vaccine in foals with maternally-derived antibody: protection against EHV-1 infection.
Equine Vet J, 36(5), 447-451.
https://doi.org/10.2746/0425164044868332 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Intervet UK Ltd., The Elms, Thicket Road, Houghton, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire PE28 2BQ, UK.
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Intranasal
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn / immunology
- Antibodies, Viral / blood
- Female
- Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
- Herpesviridae Infections / prevention & control
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesviridae Infections / virology
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
- Herpesvirus 4, Equid / immunology
- Herpesvirus Vaccines
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Immunity, Maternally-Acquired
- Male
- Mucus / virology
- Nasal Mucosa / virology
- Neutralization Tests / veterinary
- Treatment Outcome
- Viremia / veterinary
- Virus Shedding
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Patel JR, Heldens JG. Immunoprophylaxis against important virus disease of horses, farm animals and birds.. Vaccine 2009 Mar 13;27(12):1797-1810.
- Heldens JG, Patel JR, Chanter N, Ten Thij GJ, Gravendijck M, Schijns VE, Langen A, Schetters TP. Veterinary vaccine development from an industrial perspective.. Vet J 2008 Oct;178(1):7-20.
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