Efficacy of alphacypermethrin-treated high density polyethylene mesh applied to jet stalls housing horses against Culicoides biting midges in South Africa.
Abstract: The efficacy of alphacypermethrin-treated high density polyethylene (HDPE) mesh applied to jet stalls against Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) was determined by mechanical aspiration of midges from horses and using Onderstepoort 220 V downdraught black light traps in four blocks of a 3 × 2 randomised design under South African field conditions. The alphacypermethrin-treated HDPE mesh applied to the stall significantly (P = 0.008) reduced the number of Culicoides midges, predominantly Culicoides (Avaritia) imicola Kieffer, mechanically aspirated from horses housed in the stall. The mesh reduced the Culicoides midge attack rate in the treated stall compared to the untreated stall and a sentinel horse by 6 times and 14 times, respectively. The number of Culicoides midges and C. imicola collected in light traps from the untreated and alphacypermethrin HDPE mesh-treated stalls did not differ significantly (P = 0.82). Alphacypermethrin-treated HDPE mesh could be used to reduce exposure of horses in jet stalls to Culicoides midges, specifically C. imicola, and the risk of midge-borne Orbivirus transmission.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2015-02-19 PubMed ID: 25794942DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.02.007Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research investigates the effect of alphacypermethrin-treated high-density polyethylene mesh on reducing the presence of Culicoides biting midges in horse stalls, finding it to significantly reduce the midge attack rate, which may lower the risk of midge-borne Orbivirus transmission.
Research Methodology
- The study was conducted under South African field conditions using a 3 x 2 randomised design divided into four blocks.
- Horses were housed in jet stalls, some of which were fitted with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) mesh treated with alphacypermethrin, a type of insecticide.
- The presence of Culicoides midges, specifically Culicoides (Avaritia) imicola Kieffer, was determined by mechanically aspirating midges from the horses and using Onderstepoort 220 V downdraught black light traps.
Research Findings
- The application of alphacypermethrin-treated HDPE mesh significantly reduced the number of Culicoides midges aspirated from the horses.
- The Culicoides midge attack rate in the treated stall was 6 times less than the untreated stall and 14 times less compared to a sentinel horse.
- There was no significant difference in the number of Culicoides midges and C. imicola collected from the light traps in the untreated and alphacypermethrin HDPE mesh-treated stalls.
- The research suggests that alphacypermethrin-treated HDPE mesh could effectively be used to reduce the exposure of horses to Culicoides midges, particularly C. imicola.
- As a result, it could potentially decrease the risk of midge-borne Orbivirus transmission, a virus that can cause diseases in animals.
Conclusions
Cite This Article
APA
Page PC, Labuschagne K, Venter GJ, Schoeman JP, Guthrie AJ.
(2015).
Efficacy of alphacypermethrin-treated high density polyethylene mesh applied to jet stalls housing horses against Culicoides biting midges in South Africa.
Vet Parasitol, 210(1-2), 84-90.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.02.007 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa. Electronic address: patrick.page@up.ac.za.
- PVVD, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
- PVVD, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Private Bag X05, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
- Equine Research Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Ceratopogonidae / drug effects
- Cyanoacrylates
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses
- Insect Bites and Stings / prevention & control
- Insecticides / pharmacology
- Pyrethrins / pharmacology
- South Africa
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Gao H, Wang L, Ma J, Gao X, Xiao J, Wang H. Modeling the current distribution suitability and future dynamics of Culicoides imicola under climate change scenarios. PeerJ 2021;9:e12308.
- Leta S, Fetene E, Mulatu T, Amenu K, Jaleta MB, Beyene TJ, Negussie H, Kriticos D, Revie CW. Updating the global occurrence of Culicoides imicola, a vector for emerging viral diseases. Sci Data 2019 Sep 30;6(1):185.
- Page P, Ganswindt A, Schoeman J, Venter G, Guthrie A. The effect of alphacypermethrin-treated mesh protection against African horse sickness virus vectors on jet stall microclimate, clinical variables and faecal glucocorticoid metabolites of horses. BMC Vet Res 2017 Sep 9;13(1):283.
- Sergeant ES, Grewar JD, Weyer CT, Guthrie AJ. Quantitative Risk Assessment for African Horse Sickness in Live Horses Exported from South Africa. PLoS One 2016;11(3):e0151757.
- Baker T, Carpenter S, Gubbins S, Newton R, Lo Iacono G, Wood J, Harrup LE. Can insecticide-treated netting provide protection for Equids from Culicoides biting midges in the United Kingdom?. Parasit Vectors 2015 Nov 25;8:604.
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