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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Efficacy of high-level disinfection of endoscopes contaminat...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2023; 37(4); 1561-1567; doi: 10.1111/jvim.16740

Efficacy of high-level disinfection of endoscopes contaminated with Streptococcus equi subspecies equi with 2 different disinfectants.

Abstract: Prevention of spread of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (S. equi) after an outbreak is best accomplished by endoscopic lavage of the guttural pouch, with samples tested by culture and real time, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Disinfection of endoscopes must eliminate bacteria and DNA to avoid false diagnosis of carrier horses of S. equi. Objective: Compare failure rates of disinfection of endoscopes contaminated with S. equi using 2 disinfectants (accelerated hydrogen peroxide [AHP] or ortho-phthalaldehyde [OPA]). The null hypothesis was that there would be no difference between the AHP and OPA products (based on culture and qPCR results) after disinfection. Methods: Endoscopes contaminated with S. equi were disinfected using AHP, OPA or water (control). Samples were collected before and after disinfection and submitted for detection of S. equi by culture and qPCR. Using a multivariable logistic regression model-adjusted probability, with endoscope and day as controlled variables, the probability of an endoscope being qPCR-positive was determined. Results: After disinfection, all endoscopes were culture-negative (0%). However, the raw unadjusted qPCR data were positive for 33% AHP, 73% OPA, and 71% control samples. The model-adjusted probability of being qPCR-positive after AHP disinfection was lower (0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.03-0.64) compared to OPA (0.81; 95% CI, 0.55-1.06), and control (0.72; 95% CI, 0.41-1.04). Conclusions: Disinfection using the AHP product resulted in significantly lower probability of endoscopes being qPCR-positive compared to the OPA product and control.
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2023-05-26 PubMed ID: 37232523PubMed Central: PMC10365036DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16740Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research study examines the efficacy of two different disinfectants, accelerated hydrogen peroxide (AHP) and ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA), in eliminating the bacteria Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (S. equi) from contaminated endoscopes. The results showed that AHP outperformed OPA in reducing the presence of S. equi.

Study Objective and Hypothesis

  • The aim of the study was to compare the failing rates of disinfection in endoscopes contaminated with S. equi using two disinfectants, AHP and OPA.
  • The null hypothesis was that there would be no significant difference in the ability of AHP and OPA to disinfect endoscopes based on culture and qPCR results.

Methods

  • In the experimental process, endoscopes contaminated with S. equi were disinfected using either AHP, OPA, or water (which served as the control).
  • For each endoscope, samples were collected before and after the disinfection procedure and were then submitted for detecting the presence of S. equi using culture and qPCR.
  • They used a multivariable logistic regression model-adjusted probability approach, considering the type of endoscope and day of disinfection as controlled variables, to determine the chance of an endoscope having qPCR-positive results.

Results

  • All the endoscopes were found to be culture-negative post disinfection, indicating no growth of S. equi in any of the culture plates.
  • However, the raw unadjusted data from qPCR were positive for 33% of AHP disinfected, 73% of OPA disinfected, and 71% of control samples.
  • The model-adjusted probability of an endoscope being qPCR-positive after disinfection was lower for AHP (0.31; 95% CI, -0.03-0.64) compared to OPA (0.81; 95% CI, 0.55-1.06), and the control (0.72; 95% CI, 0.41-1.04).

Conclusions

  • The research concluded that disinfection using AHP resulted in a significantly lower probability of endoscopes being qPCR-positive when compared to the OPA product and control samples.
  • This implies that AHP is more effective in disinfecting endoscopes contaminated with S. equi, and hence, reducing the chances of false diagnosis of carrier horses of S. equi.

Cite This Article

APA
Nadruz V, Beard LA, Delph-Miller KM, Larson RL, Bai J, Chengappa MM. (2023). Efficacy of high-level disinfection of endoscopes contaminated with Streptococcus equi subspecies equi with 2 different disinfectants. J Vet Intern Med, 37(4), 1561-1567. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16740

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 37
Issue: 4
Pages: 1561-1567

Researcher Affiliations

Nadruz, Veridiana
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
Beard, Laurie A
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
Delph-Miller, Katherine M
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
Larson, Robert L
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
Bai, Jianfa
  • Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
Chengappa, Muckatira M
  • Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.

Grant Funding

  • Boehringer Ingelheim
  • Dr. John and Mildred Gish Research Funds

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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