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Emergency Standing Laparoscopic Treatment of Uncontrolled Post-Castration Hemorrhage in Two Geldings.
Abstract: Persistent hemorrhage of testicular vessels is a potentially life-threatening complication of equine castration. Frequently, general anesthesia is required to retrieve and ligate the bleeding vasculature when standing wound packing and retrieval of the spermatic cord are unsuccessful. We propose standing laparoscopic ligation of the testicular arteries via the paralumbar fossa as a rapid, effective means of halting hemorrhage while avoiding castration site trauma as well as the cardiovascular and recovery risks of general anesthesia. Methods: Two geldings, 6 and 9 months old, presented for emergency treatment of severe post-castration hemorrhage of 10 and 24 h durations, respectively. Both geldings underwent standing laparoscopy under light sedation and the testicular vessels were ligated using a bipolar vessel-sealing device. Results: Testicular vessel sealing was successfully performed in both geldings by standing laparoscopy and resulted in immediate cessation of hemorrhage. In one case, a left paralumbar fossa approach allowed coagulation of both the left and right spermatic vessels. The procedure time was 25 and 35 min. No complications occurred, and both geldings recovered uneventfully. Conclusions: Standing, laparoscopic ligation of the testicular arteries is a feasible emergency treatment in young geldings and can be applied in cases of uncontrolled post-castration hemorrhage.
Publication Date: 2024-08-02 PubMed ID: 39123778PubMed Central: PMC11310971DOI: 10.3390/ani14152252Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
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Summary
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The research focuses on a laparoscopic method for treating severe post-castration hemorrhage in two young geldings (castrated male horses) that avoids trauma and the risks of general anesthesia. The technique involves ligation, or tying off, of the testicular arteries in a standing position, proving to be an efficient and successful emergency treatment.
Background and Objective
- The research is centered on the challenge of persistent bleeding from the testicular vessels in horses after castration, a serious complication that can be fatal.
- Conventional treatments typically involve general anesthesia to locate and securely tie off the bleeding vessels, especially when efforts to pack the wound and retrieve the spermatic cord have not been successful. However, this method carries inherent risks, including potential trauma from the castration site, concerns over cardiovascular health, and recovery issues post-anesthesia.
- The study’s objective is to propose an alternative treatment approach using standing laparoscopic ligation performed through the paralumbar fossa, aiming to quickly stop bleeding, prevent trauma to the castration site, and circumvent risks associated with general anesthesia.
Methodology
- The study involves two geldings, one 6 months old and the other 9 months old, both experiencing severe post-castration hemorrhage for durations of 10 and 24 hours, respectively.
- The researchers performed standing laparoscopy under mild sedation. In this process, laparoscopic surgery is performed while the horse is standing, rather than laying down under general anesthesia.
- The testicular vessels were then ligated using a bipolar vessel-sealing device – this implies that the vessels were securely tied off to stop the bleeding.
Results
- In both geldings, laparoscopy successfully performed in a standing position resulted in the immediate cessation of bleeding.
- In one case, an approach from the left paralumbar fossa allowed for simultaneous coagulation of both left and right spermatic vessels.
- The durations of the procedures were minimal lasting only 25 and 35 minutes respectively.
- The study reports no post-procedure complications, and both geldings recovered smoothly.
Conclusions
- The research concludes that performing standing laparoscopic ligation of the testicular arteries is a practical and effective emergency treatment for post-castration bleeding in young geldings.
- It confirms the potential effectiveness of this technique in managing uncontrolled post-castration bleeding while minimizing trauma and eliminating anesthesia-related risks.
Cite This Article
APA
Delvescovo B, McOnie R, Pearson G, Pugliese B, Hackett ES.
(2024).
Emergency Standing Laparoscopic Treatment of Uncontrolled Post-Castration Hemorrhage in Two Geldings.
Animals (Basel), 14(15).
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14152252 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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