Endoscopic examination of the nasolacrimal duct in ten horses.
Abstract: No endoscopic examination of the nasolacrimal duct has been described before. In contrast with other imaging techniques, endoscopy provides a direct inspection of the intralumen and ductal mucosa in standing sedation. Objective: To provide a reference against which the endoscopic and clinical features of obstructive nasolacrimal disease in the horse may be compared. Methods: Endoscopic examination of the nasolacrimal duct was performed in 10 French Thoroughbred bay mares with a 3 mm shaft diameter flexible fibrescope. The duct was divided into 3 zones (1, 2 and 3) from the nostril to the lacrimal sac. Results: Endoscopic examination of the nasolacrimal duct appeared to be quite easy to perform in Zones 1 and 2, while the ease or difficulty of examining Zone 3 depended on the weight and size of the horse for the position of the endoscope in the lacrimal canal. Conclusions: Endoscopic inspection has provided the possibility of a novel diagnostic approach to conditions of the nasolacrimal duct in horses. Conclusions: Endoscopic examination of the nasolacrimal duct could help to diagnose and treat nasolacrimal diseases by performing sample withdrawal and duct irrigation.
© 2010 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2011-05-20 PubMed ID: 21592209DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00160.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Anatomy
- Clinical Examination
- Clinical Findings
- Clinical Pathology
- Clinical Study
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Treatment
- Endoscopy
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Equine Science
- Horses
- Nasal
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Practice
- Veterinary Procedure
- Veterinary Research
- Veterinary Science
Summary
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This research study used endoscopic examination to directly inspect the nasolacrimal duct in ten French Thoroughbred bay mares, a technique not documented before. Findings showed that the technique could potentially offer a new approach to diagnosing and treating nasolacrimal diseases in horses.
Research Methods
- The researchers used an endoscopy method that allowed them to look directly into the nasolacrimal duct of each horse, using what is called a flexible fibrescope.
- The horses were under standing sedation during these procedures, meaning they were awake but relaxed and felt no pain.
- The nasolacrimal duct was divided into three zones for the purpose of examination. These zones comprised different parts of the duct, ranging from the nostril to the lacrimal sac.
Research Findings
- The researchers found that endoscopic examination of the nasolacrimal duct was relatively easy to perform in the first and second zones.
- The ease or difficulty of examining the third zone was dependent on the weight and size of each horse, which affected the position of the endoscope in the lacrimal canal.
Research Conclusions
- The endoscopic examination offered a new diagnostic approach to conditions of the nasolacrimal duct in horses.
- The researchers concluded that endoscopic examination of the nasolacrimal duct could potentially help in diagnosing and treating nasolacrimal diseases in horses by enabling sample withdrawal and duct irrigation.
- This research is groundbreaking in that no other study has described the use of endoscopic examination of the nasolacrimal duct before.
Cite This Article
APA
Spadari A, Spinella G, Grandis A, Romagnoli N, Pietra M.
(2011).
Endoscopic examination of the nasolacrimal duct in ten horses.
Equine Vet J, 43(2), 159-162.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00160.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary Clinical Department, University of Bologna, Italy.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Endoscopy / methods
- Endoscopy / veterinary
- Female
- Horses / anatomy & histology
- Nasolacrimal Duct / anatomy & histology
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Dennis DA, Pinard CL, Kenney DG, Salcedo RJ, Trout DR. Normograde nasolacrimal placement of an ocular-lavage system for treatment of equine eye diseases. Can Vet J 2019 Jul;60(7):744-748.
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