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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Microbiol / Epidemiology and molecular detection of equine herpesviruses...
Veterinary microbiology2017; 207; 205-209; doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.06.017

Epidemiology and molecular detection of equine herpesviruses in western Algeria in 2011.

Abstract: An episode of acute equine respiratory infection was reported in western Algeria (Tiaret province) between February and March 2011, affecting a large population of horses. Nasal swabs (n=100) were taken from horses aged between 1 and 27 years, presenting with cough and mucopurulent nasal discharge. The prevalence of equine respiratory virus infections was examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). One, or more, of four equine respiratory viruses were detected in the nasal swabs of 90 of 100 horses (90%) and the detection rate of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1), equine herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4), equine herpesvirus type 2 (EHV-2) and equine herpesvirus type 5 (EHV-5) were 2%, 14%, 90% and 75%, respectively. Equine influenza virus and equine arteritis virus were not detected in any samples. Among the 90 infected horses, 70 were co-infected with EHV-2 and EHV-5 and 14 others were co-infected with EHV-4, EHV-2 and EHV-5. The present study shows a positivity rate of 97.3% for EHV-5 in young horses aged <3years; a finding which decreased with age. Viral load of EHV-5 was significantly higher in <3years whereas no effect of age was observed with EHV-2. The study shows that equine herpesviruses 1, 2, 4 and 5 are endemic in horse populations from Algeria as detected for the first time by qPCR.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2017-06-27 PubMed ID: 28757025DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.06.017Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates an outbreak of acute equine respiratory infection among horses in western Algeria in 2011. The study revealed high prevalence rates of various forms of equine herpesvirus, particularly among young horses, which was detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction testing.

Sampling and Testing Methods

  • The researchers utilized nasal swabs collected from a sample of 100 horses in western Algeria’s Tiaret province. The horses, aged between 1 and 27 years, presented symptoms of cough and mucopurulent nasal discharge.
  • The collected samples were tested using a method called quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), a laboratory technique used in molecular biology to analyze and measure specific DNA or RNA sequences.

Prevalence and Co-infection

  • Respiratory viruses were found in 90% of the tested horses. These included equine herpesvirus types 1 (EHV-1), 4 (EHV-4), 2 (EHV-2) and 5 (EHV-5), with prevalence rates of 2%, 14%, 90%, and 75%, respectively.
  • The researchers didn’t find any traces of equine influenza virus or equine arteritis virus in the samples.
  • A majority of the infected horses were co-infected with multiple herpesviruses. Specifically, 70 horses were co-infected with EHV-2 and EHV-5, and 14 others had EHV-4, EHV-2, and EHV-5.

Impact of Age on Virus Prevalence

  • This study found that young horses aged less than three years showed an incredibly high positivity rate (97.3%) for EHV-5. The detection rate decreased as the horses’ age increased.
  • It was also observed that the viral load of EHV-5 was substantially higher in horses less than three years old, while the age of horses didn’t seem to impact the presence of EHV-2.

Relevance to the Equine Community

  • The study suggests that equine herpesvirus types 1, 2, 4, and 5 are endemic among horse populations in Algeria, as detected with qPCR for the first time. This information aids in the understanding of equine respiratory diseases, which could influence future prevention measures and treatment in the region.

Cite This Article

APA
Laabassi F, Hue E, Fortier C, Morilland E, Legrand L, Hans A, Pronost S. (2017). Epidemiology and molecular detection of equine herpesviruses in western Algeria in 2011. Vet Microbiol, 207, 205-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.06.017

Publication

Veterinary microbiology
ISSN: 1873-2542
NlmUniqueID: 7705469
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 207
Pages: 205-209

Researcher Affiliations

Laabassi, F
  • ESPA Laboratory, Department of Veterinary, Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Agronomics Sciences, University of Batna-1, 05000 Batna, Algeria. Electronic address: flaabassi@yahoo.fr.
Hue, E
  • LABÉO-Frank Duncombe,1 route de Rosel, 14053 CAEN Cedex 4, France; Caen Normandy University, France, UNICAEN EA7450 BioTARGen, 3 rue Nelson Mandela, 14280 Saint-Contest, France. Electronic address: Erika.Hue@laboratoire-labeo.fr.
Fortier, C
  • LABÉO-Frank Duncombe,1 route de Rosel, 14053 CAEN Cedex 4, France; Caen Normandy University, France, UNICAEN EA7450 BioTARGen, 3 rue Nelson Mandela, 14280 Saint-Contest, France. Electronic address: Christine.Fortier@laboratoire-labeo.fr.
Morilland, E
  • Dozulé Laboratory for Equine Diseases, Virology Unit, Anses, Goustranville, 14430 Dozulé, France. Electronic address: elodie.morilland@anses.fr.
Legrand, L
  • LABÉO-Frank Duncombe,1 route de Rosel, 14053 CAEN Cedex 4, France; Caen Normandy University, France, UNICAEN EA7450 BioTARGen, 3 rue Nelson Mandela, 14280 Saint-Contest, France. Electronic address: Loic.Legrand@laboratoire-labeo.fr.
Hans, A
  • Dozulé Laboratory for Equine Diseases, Virology Unit, Anses, Goustranville, 14430 Dozulé, France. Electronic address: aymeric.hans@anses.fr.
Pronost, S
  • LABÉO-Frank Duncombe,1 route de Rosel, 14053 CAEN Cedex 4, France; Caen Normandy University, France, UNICAEN EA7450 BioTARGen, 3 rue Nelson Mandela, 14280 Saint-Contest, France. Electronic address: Stephane.Pronost@laboratoire-labeo.fr.

MeSH Terms

  • Algeria / epidemiology
  • Alphaherpesvirinae / isolation & purification
  • Animals
  • Gammaherpesvirinae / isolation & purification
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses

Citations

This article has been cited 8 times.
  1. El Brini Z, Cullinane A, Garvey M, Fassi Fihri O, Fellahi S, Amraoui F, Loutfi C, Sebbar G, Paillot R, Piro M. First Molecular and Phylogenetic Characterization of Equine Herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) and Equine Herpesvirus-4 (EHV-4) in Morocco. Animals (Basel) 2025 Jan 5;15(1).
    doi: 10.3390/ani15010102pubmed: 39795045google scholar: lookup
  2. Badr C, Souiai O, Arbi M, El Behi I, Essaied MS, Khosrof I, Benkahla A, Chabchoub A, Ghram A. Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in Tunisia. Pathogens 2022 Sep 5;11(9).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens11091016pubmed: 36145448google scholar: lookup
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  6. Temesgen T, Getachew Y, Negussie H. Molecular Identification of Equine Herpesvirus 1, 2, and 5 in Equids with Signs of Respiratory Disease in Central Ethiopia. Vet Med (Auckl) 2021;12:337-345.
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  7. Azab W, Bedair S, Abdelgawad A, Eschke K, Farag GK, Abdel-Raheim A, Greenwood AD, Osterrieder N, Ali AAH. Detection of equid herpesviruses among different Arabian horse populations in Egypt. Vet Med Sci 2019 Aug;5(3):361-371.
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    doi: 10.1186/s12985-018-1018-3pubmed: 29996858google scholar: lookup
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