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PloS one2018; 13(2); e0192301; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192301

Equid herpesvirus 8: Complete genome sequence and association with abortion in mares.

Abstract: Equid herpesvirus 8 (EHV-8), formerly known as asinine herpesvirus 3, is an alphaherpesvirus that is closely related to equid herpesviruses 1 and 9 (EHV-1 and EHV-9). The pathogenesis of EHV-8 is relatively little studied and to date has only been associated with respiratory disease in donkeys in Australia and horses in China. A single EHV-8 genome sequence has been generated for strain Wh in China, but is apparently incomplete and contains frameshifts in two genes. In this study, the complete genome sequences of four EHV-8 strains isolated in Ireland between 2003 and 2015 were determined by Illumina sequencing. Two of these strains were isolated from cases of abortion in horses, and were misdiagnosed initially as EHV-1, and two were isolated from donkeys, one with neurological disease. The four genome sequences are very similar to each other, exhibiting greater than 98.4% nucleotide identity, and their phylogenetic clustering together demonstrated that genomic diversity is not dependent on the host. Comparative genomic analysis revealed 24 of the 76 predicted protein sequences are completely conserved among the Irish EHV-8 strains. Evolutionary comparisons indicate that EHV-8 is phylogenetically closer to EHV-9 than it is to EHV-1. In summary, the first complete genome sequences of EHV-8 isolates from two host species over a twelve year period are reported. The current study suggests that EHV-8 can cause abortion in horses. The potential threat of EHV-8 to the horse industry and the possibility that donkeys may act as reservoirs of infection warrant further investigation.
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Publication Date: 2018-02-07 PubMed ID: 29414990PubMed Central: PMC5802896DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192301Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research studied the complete genome sequence of Equid Herpesvirus 8 (EHV-8) and its potential link to abortion in horses. Four Irish strains of EHV-8 were analyzed using Illumina sequencing revealing similarities in genome sequences regardless of host species and raising the possibility that EHV-8 might be a cause of abortion in horses.

Objective of the research

  • The primary aim of this study was to obtain and analyze the complete genome sequences of four strains of Equid Herpesvirus 8 (EHV-8) that were isolated in Ireland between 2003 and 2015 using a high-throughput sequencing technology called Illumina sequencing.
  • The secondary aim was to understand its association with abortion in horses.

Background

  • EHV-8, previously identified as asinine herpesvirus 3, is an alphaherpesvirus related closely to EHV-1 and EHV-9.
  • Prior to this study, EHV-8’s potential harm and effects were minimally understood but was loosely associated with respiratory disease in horses in Australia and China.
  • Only a single, apparently incomplete EHV-8 genome sequence had been generated before, which contained mistakes in two genes.

Methodology and findings

  • Two of the four strains studied were isolated from horses that had aborted, initially misdiagnosed as EHV-1, and two others isolated from donkeys with neurological disease.
  • The comparison of the four genome sequences revealed a high nucleotide identity (over 98.4%), indicating that the genomic diversity isn’t necessarily influenced by the host.
  • Comparative genomic analysis showed that 24 of the 76 predicted protein sequences were completely conserved among the four EHV-8 strains.

Conclusion and implications

  • The research showed that EHV-8 is phylogenetically closer to EHV-9 than EHV-1, providing an essential piece of evolutionary evidence about the herpesvirus family and their implications in disease.
  • The study also hints at the possibilities that the virus might cause abortions in horses, which signals a potential risk to the equestrian industry.
  • Furthermore, the possible role of donkeys as potential reserves of these infections necessitates additional research for expanded understanding and to devise suitable preventive measures.

Cite This Article

APA
Garvey M, Suárez NM, Kerr K, Hector R, Moloney-Quinn L, Arkins S, Davison AJ, Cullinane A. (2018). Equid herpesvirus 8: Complete genome sequence and association with abortion in mares. PLoS One, 13(2), e0192301. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192301

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Pages: e0192301
PII: e0192301

Researcher Affiliations

Garvey, Marie
  • Virology Unit, The Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, County Kildare, Ireland.
Suárez, Nicolás M
  • MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Kerr, Karen
  • MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Hector, Ralph
  • MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Moloney-Quinn, Laura
  • Virology Unit, The Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, County Kildare, Ireland.
Arkins, Sean
  • Department of Life Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Davison, Andrew J
  • MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Cullinane, Ann
  • Virology Unit, The Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, County Kildare, Ireland.

MeSH Terms

  • Abortion, Veterinary / virology
  • Animals
  • DNA Replication
  • Genes, Viral
  • Herpesviridae Infections / virology
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses / virology
  • Open Reading Frames
  • Phylogeny
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Varicellovirus / classification
  • Varicellovirus / genetics

Grant Funding

  • MC_UU_12014/12 / Medical Research Council
  • MC_UU_12014/3 / Medical Research Council

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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