Equine embryonic stem-like cells and mesenchymal stromal cells have different survival rates and migration patterns following their injection into damaged superficial digital flexor tendon.
Abstract: Injury to the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) is common in racing and sport horses and poor tendon regeneration leads to high reinjury rates. Autologous mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are being used clinically to improve tendon regeneration but they have some practical limitations. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) may overcome these limitations but their fate following injection into the damaged SDFT is unknown. Objective: To inject MSCs and ESCs into distinct areas of damage in the SDFT and monitor their survival over a 3 month period. Methods: MSCs and ESCs expressing different reporter genes were injected into separate sites of mechanically induced damage in SDFTs. Cell survival and distribution were examined post mortem after 10, 30, 60 and 90 days and host immune responses determined. Results: Neither MSCs nor ESCs produced signs of cell-mediated immune response or tumour formation. ESC survival was high and numbers were maintained at a constant level over 90 days. ESCs were present at all sites of damage. In contrast, MSCs showed <5% survival at 10 days and numbers declined over the course of the experiment. MSCs were detected only at the site into which they were injected. Conclusions: ESCs survived in greater numbers than MSCs in the damaged tendon and did not induce an immune response, or form tumours at the injection sites in the 90 day time period studied. ESCs also demonstrated an ability to migrate to other areas of damage within the same tendon, whereas MSCs did not. Conclusions: ESCs can be used allogeneically, therefore providing a possible 'off the shelf' source of cells for therapeutic use which overcomes the practical limitations of autologous MSCs. Furthermore, MSCs and ESCs have different survival rates and migration patterns in the damaged tendon, suggesting that they may produce different functional effects. This may have clinical relevance to treating tendon injuries in the horse.
© 2010 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2010-09-16 PubMed ID: 20840579DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00112.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research examines how embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) behave when introduced to a damaged tendon in a horse. The study reveals that ESCs survived in greater numbers and demonstrated an ability to migrate to other areas of damage within the tendon, unlike MSCs.
Objective and Method of Study
- The objective of this study was to inject MSCs and ESCs into separate areas of damage in a horse’s superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) – a commonly injured area in racing and sport horses – and monitor their survival pattern over a three-month period.
- Mechanically induced damage was created in the SDFTs and MSCs and ESCs, marked with different reporter genes, were injected.
- Over the span of 10, 30, 60, and 90 days, post-mortem examinations were conducted to check cell survival and distribution as well as to determine any host immune responses.
Findings
- The study found no indication of a cell-mediated immune response or tumor formation from either MSCs or ESCs.
- ESC survival was high and sustained at a constant level over the 90 days. They were present at all sites of damage.
- On the other hand, MSC survival started at less than 5% at 10 days and continued to decline over the span of the experiment. Furthermore, MSCs were only detected at the exact site of their injection.
Conclusion
- The study concludes that ESCs survived in larger numbers than MSCs in the damaged tendon, did not cause an immune response, or form tumors at the injection sites within the 90-day study time frame.
- Additionally, unlike MSCs, ESCs demonstrated an ability to navigate to other affected areas within the same tendon.
- ESC’s capability to be used allogeneically provides a practical advantage over autologous MSCs, making ESCs a potential ‘off the shelf’ source of cells for therapeutic use.
- The differing survival rates and migration patterns in the damaged tendon between ESCs and MSCs suggest they may have different functional effects. This may hold clinical relevance for treating horse tendon injuries in the future.
Cite This Article
APA
Guest DJ, Smith MR, Allen WR.
(2010).
Equine embryonic stem-like cells and mesenchymal stromal cells have different survival rates and migration patterns following their injection into damaged superficial digital flexor tendon.
Equine Vet J, 42(7), 636-642.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00112.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, UK. debbi.guest@aht.org.uk
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Embryonic Stem Cells / cytology
- Embryonic Stem Cells / transplantation
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / veterinary
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology
- Tendon Injuries / therapy
- Tendon Injuries / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 53 times.Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
