Equine flexor tendon imaging part 2: Current status and future directions in advanced diagnostic imaging, with focus on the deep digital flexor tendon.

This research article discusses the use of advanced diagnostic imaging methods, like MRI and CT scans, to identify and monitor flexor tendon injuries in horses, with a particular focus on the deep digital flexor tendon. The study also looks into future developments in tendon imaging.

Current Advanced Diagnostic Imaging Techniques

• The article reviews the use of low- and high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) scans for the detection of flexor tendon injuries in horses. These techniques provide a higher resolution image than traditional ultrasonography and allow for more precise diagnosis.
• Special attention is given to injuries involving the deep digital flexor tendon, a critical component in a horse’s ability to move and perform. Tendinopathy in this area often leads to lameness and can cause early retirement of equine athletes.
• The ‘magic angle’ artefact is discussed, which refers to a specific imaging anomaly observed in MRI scans done in a particular direction in relation to the magnetic field. This artefact can potentially impact the accuracy of the diagnosis.
• The study also discusses different injection techniques and the use of contrast media to further enhance the visualisation of tendons in scans.

Future Developments in Tendon Imaging

• The article explores potential future directions in tendon imaging, with the aim of obtaining more detailed structural information about tendon architecture. Such advancements could help in injury prevention as well as effective treatment planning.
• It highlights the use of ultra-high field MRI and positron emission tomography (PET), techniques currently used in human medicine for the assessment of the Achilles tendon, as potential future tools for diagnosing equine flexor tendinopathy. While these techniques offer higher resolution and more information, their adaptation for veterinary use is subject to further research.