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Stem cells and development2017; 26(13); 964-972; doi: 10.1089/scd.2017.0017

Equine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Retain a Pericyte-Like Phenotype.

Abstract: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been used in human and equine regenerative medicine, and interest in exploiting their potential has increased dramatically over the years. Despite significant effort to characterize equine MSCs, the actual origin of these cells and how much of their native phenotype is maintained in culture have not been determined. In this study, we investigated the relationship between MSCs, derived from adipose tissue (AT) and bone marrow (BM), and pericytes in the horse. Both pericyte (CD146, NG2, and αSMA) and MSC (CD29, CD90, and CD73) markers were detected in equine AT and colocalized around blood vessels. Importantly, as assessed by flow cytometry, both pericyte (CD146, NG2, and αSMA) and MSC (CD29, CD44, CD90, and CD105) markers were present in a majority (≥90%) of cells in cultures of AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs; however, levels of pericyte markers were variable within each of those populations. Moreover, the expression of pericyte markers was maintained for at least eight passages in both AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs. Hematopoietic (CD45) and endothelial (CD144) markers were also detected at low levels in MSCs by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Finally, in coculture experiments, AT-MSCs closely associated with networks produced by endothelial cells, resembling the natural perivascular location of pericytes in vivo. Our results indicate that equine MSCs originate from perivascular cells and moreover maintain a pericyte-like phenotype in culture. Therefore, we suggest that, in addition to classical MSC markers, pericyte markers such as CD146 could be used when assessing and characterizing equine MSCs.
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Publication Date: 2017-05-09 PubMed ID: 28376684PubMed Central: PMC5510672DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0017Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research examines the origin and nature of equine Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), finding that these cells derive from perivascular cells and maintain a pericyte-like phenotype in culture. The authors suggest considering pericyte markers like CD146 for assessing and characterizing these cells.

Study Objectives and Approach

  • The main aim of the study was to ascertain the actual origin of equine Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), which have become increasingly important in human and equine regenerative medicine.
  • The researchers were also interested in understanding how much of the cells’ original phenotype is kept when in culture.
  • To achieve this, the researchers studied MSCs derived from adipose tissue (AT) and bone marrow (BM), specifically examining the relationship between these cells and pericytes in horses.

Methodology and Key Findings

  • Markers for both pericytes (CD146, NG2, and αSMA) and MSCs (CD29, CD90, and CD73) were found in equine AT and colocalized around blood vessels, indicating a close relationship between pericytes and MSCs.
  • Flow cytometry revealed that the majority (90% or more) of cells in AT-MSC and BM-MSC cultures possessed both pericyte and MSC markers.
  • The levels of pericyte markers were found to be inconsistent within each of those cell groups – AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs.
  • The research discovered that the expression of pericyte markers was preserved through at least eight passages in the AT-MSC and BM-MSC cultures.
  • Hematopoietic (CD45) and endothelial (CD144) markers were also present at low levels in MSCs, as revealed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
  • In coculture experiments, AT-MSCs were seen aligning closely with networks produced by endothelial cells, which resembles the natural perivascular location of pericytes within a body – further supporting their origin from perivascular cells.

Implications

  • These findings suggest that equine MSCs retain a pericyte-like phenotype in culture and originate from perivascular cells.
  • As such, the researchers suggest that pericyte markers like CD146 could be used alongside classical MSC markers to assess and characterize equine MSCs more accurately.
  • This information could be crucial in the fields of human and equine regenerative medicine, potentially leading to improved procedures and treatments.

Cite This Article

APA
Esteves CL, Sheldrake TA, Dawson L, Menghini T, Rink BE, Amilon K, Khan N, Péault B, Donadeu FX. (2017). Equine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Retain a Pericyte-Like Phenotype. Stem Cells Dev, 26(13), 964-972. https://doi.org/10.1089/scd.2017.0017

Publication

Stem cells and development
ISSN: 1557-8534
NlmUniqueID: 101197107
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 26
Issue: 13
Pages: 964-972

Researcher Affiliations

Esteves, Cristina L
  • 1 The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom .
Sheldrake, Tara A
  • 1 The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom .
Dawson, Lucy
  • 1 The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom .
Menghini, Timothy
  • 1 The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom .
Rink, Burgunde Elisabeth
  • 1 The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom .
Amilon, Karin
  • 1 The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom .
Khan, Nusrat
  • 2 Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom .
Péault, Bruno
  • 2 Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom .
  • 3 Orthopaedic Hospital Research Centre, University of California , Los Angeles, California.
Donadeu, Francesc Xavier
  • 1 The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom .

MeSH Terms

  • Adipose Tissue / metabolism
  • Adipose Tissue / parasitology
  • Animals
  • Antigens, CD / genetics
  • Antigens, CD / metabolism
  • Blood Vessels / metabolism
  • Bone Marrow Cells / metabolism
  • CD146 Antigen / genetics
  • CD146 Antigen / metabolism
  • Cadherins / genetics
  • Cadherins / metabolism
  • Coculture Techniques
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens / genetics
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens / metabolism
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Pericytes / metabolism
  • Phenotype
  • Regenerative Medicine

Grant Funding

  • G1000816 / Medical Research Council
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

Conflict of Interest Statement

B.P. is coinventor of human perivascular stem cell-related patents filed from University of California, Los Angeles. The other authors declare no competing interests.

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