Evaluation of glucose tolerance and intestinal luminal membrane glucose transporter function in horses with equine motor neuron disease.
Abstract: To confirm whether the plasma glucose concentration curve obtained during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) in horses with equine motor neuron disease (EMND) is decreased, compared with that obtained in clinically normal horses, and determine whether that decrease is a result of defective glucose metabolism or intestinal glucose transport dysfunction. Methods: 8 horses with EMND and 44 matched control horses. Methods: Electromyography and OGTTs were performed in all 8 affected horses and 10 control horses. Intravenous GTTs (IVGTTs) were performed in 6 affected horses and another 11 control horses. The activity and levels of jejunal luminal membrane glucose transporter (Na+ / glucose cotransporter isoform 1 [SGLT1]) were measured in 2 affected horses and 23 control horses. Results: In horses with EMND, generalized neuropathy was detected via quantitative electromyography; the mean increase in plasma glucose concentration during the OGTT was significantly decreased, compared with the value in control horses. During the IVGTT the mean increase in plasma glucose concentration was significantly lower than that of control horses. The activity and levels of SGLT1 in 2 affected horses were similar to those of control horses. Diagnosis of EMND was confirmed postmortem in all affected horses. Conclusions: Data suggest that the decreased plasma glucose curve obtained in horses with EMND during OGTTs (compared with control horses) is a result of overall enhanced glucose metabolism or abnormalities in the facilitated glucose transporters; definitive identification of the underlying mechanisms could aid in the development of appropriate treatments of EMND in horses.
Publication Date: 2005-02-05 PubMed ID: 15691042DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.93Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Evaluation Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research investigates the reason behind the lower plasma glucose levels seen in horses with Equine Motor Neuron Disease (EMND) during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). It determines whether this decrease is due to defective glucose metabolism or intestinal glucose transport dysfunction.
Methodology
- The study involved two groups of horses: eight with EMND and a control group of forty-four clinically normal horses.
- They performed electromyography and OGTTs in all eight affected horses and ten control horses to gauge nerve function and the body’s ability to handle glucose, respectively. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) were carried out in six horses affected by EMND and eleven control horses.
- To determine whether there was a defect in intestinal glucose transport, they measured the activity and levels of jejunal luminal membrane glucose transporter (referred to as Na+ / glucose cotransporter isoform 1 [SGLT1]) in two horses with EMND and twenty-three control horses.
Findings
- The study found that horses with EMND showed generalized neuropathy, as detected by electromyography.
- It was also found that in these horses, during the OGTTs and IVGTTs, the mean increase in plasma glucose concentration was significantly lower compared with the value in the control horses.
- Despite this, the activity and levels of SGLT1 in the two affected horses were similar to those of control horses. This suggests that the intestinal absorbance of glucose was functioning normally.
- Postmortem diagnoses confirmed EMND in all the affected horses.
Conclusion
- The study concludes that the decreased glucose curve observed in horses with EMND during OGTTs is likely due to enhanced glucose metabolism or abnormalities in facilitated glucose transporters rather than a problem with the intestinal glucose transport.
- Identifying the specific mechanisms that lead to this decrease could aid in developing effective treatments of EMND in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Benders NA, Dyer J, Wijnberg ID, Shirazi-Beechey SP, van der Kolk JH.
(2005).
Evaluation of glucose tolerance and intestinal luminal membrane glucose transporter function in horses with equine motor neuron disease.
Am J Vet Res, 66(1), 93-99.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.93 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Blood Glucose / physiology
- Electromyography / veterinary
- Female
- Glucose Tolerance Test / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horses
- Intestinal Mucosa / physiopathology
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins / physiology
- Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / physiology
- Motor Neuron Disease / physiopathology
- Motor Neuron Disease / veterinary
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Díez de Castro E, Zafra R, Acevedo LM, Pérez J, Acosta I, Rivero JL, Aguilera-Tejero E. Eosinophilic Enteritis in Horses with Motor Neuron Disease. J Vet Intern Med 2016 May;30(3):873-9.
- Lacombe VA. Expression and regulation of facilitative glucose transporters in equine insulin-sensitive tissue: from physiology to pathology. ISRN Vet Sci 2014;2014:409547.
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