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Evaluation of L-lactate and cardiac troponin I in horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery.
Abstract: To evaluate changes in plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and L-lactate (LLt) as prognostic indicators in horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. Methods: Prospective observational study. Methods: Veterinary teaching hospital. Methods: Thirty-four horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. Methods: Serial blood sampling during various times during hospitalization (hospital admission, and 12, 24, 48, and 72 h postoperatively) evaluating cTnI and LLt concentrations. Results: All horses required surgery for correction of a strangulating (n = 29) or nonstrangulating obstruction (n = 5) of the small or large intestine. Twenty-seven horses survived to discharge; 7 were euthanized either during (n = 1) or after (n = 6) surgery due to disease severity or systemic complications associated with the primary gastrointestinal lesion. Preoperative cTnI concentrations were increased above the normal reference interval in 24% of horses (8/34, median = 0.01 ng/mL, range = 0-12.23 ng/mL), whereas LLt concentrations were increased above the normal reference interval in 88% of horses (30/34, median = 3.37 mmol/L, range = 0.77-13.26 mmol/L). The LLt concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in nonsurviving compared with surviving horses at admission, and at 24 and 72 hours postoperatively. No significant difference in the cTnI concentration was detected between groups at admission. However, the cTnI concentration was significantly higher (P<0.05) in nonsurviving compared with surviving horses at all time points postoperatively. Conclusions: Measurement of both LLt and cTnI concentrations may provide information for prognostication in surgical colic horses. Marked increases in admission concentrations of LLt (median 7.56 mmol/L) and even moderate postoperative increases in cTnI concentration (median 0.97 ng/mL) may both indicate a poor prognosis in critically ill horses following abdominal surgery.
© Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society 2012.
Publication Date: 2012-06-19 PubMed ID: 22702437DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2012.00744.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research investigates the changes in plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and L-lactate (LLt) levels as potential prognostic indicators in horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery, showing that significant increases in preoperative LLt and postoperative cTnI levels could indicate a poor prognosis.
Study Design
- The study is a prospective observational study that was carried out at a veterinary teaching hospital.
- 34 horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery were included in the study. All of them had either a strangulating (n=29) or nonstrangulating obstruction (n=5) of the small or large intestine.
- Serial blood samples were taken at various points during hospitalization, such as at admission, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours postoperatively. These samples were tested for cTnI and LLt concentrations.
Results and Observations
- 24% of horses displayed increased pre-operative cTnI concentrations above the normal reference interval.
- LLt concentrations were above the normal reference interval in 88% of horses before surgery.
- The study found that the LLt level was significantly higher in nonsurviving horses compared to surviving horses both at admission and 24 and 72 hours post-surgery.
- While cTnI concentration at admission didn’t significantly vary between the two groups, postoperative cTnI levels were significantly higher in nonsurviving horses than in surviving ones.
Conclusions and Implications
- cTnI and LLt concentrations may offer useful prognostic information for horses undergoing surgical treatment for colic.
- Raised LLt concentrations at admission (median 7.56 mmol/L), and even moderate postoperative increases in cTnI concentration (median 0.97 ng/mL), may both indicate a poor prognosis in critically ill horses following abdominal surgery.
This study highlights the role of plasma cTnI and LLt levels as potential markers for prognostication in horses needing emergency abdominal surgery. Higher LLt and cTnI levels may signal severe disease or complications and therefore a poorer chance of survival.
Cite This Article
APA
Radcliffe RM, Divers TJ, Fletcher DJ, Mohammed H, Kraus MS.
(2012).
Evaluation of L-lactate and cardiac troponin I in horses undergoing emergency abdominal surgery.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio), 22(3), 313-319.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-4431.2012.00744.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. rmr45@cornell.edu
MeSH Terms
- Abdominal Pain / blood
- Abdominal Pain / surgery
- Abdominal Pain / veterinary
- Animals
- Emergencies / veterinary
- Female
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horses
- Intestinal Obstruction / blood
- Intestinal Obstruction / surgery
- Intestinal Obstruction / veterinary
- Intestinal Volvulus / blood
- Intestinal Volvulus / surgery
- Intestinal Volvulus / veterinary
- Lactic Acid / blood
- Male
- Prognosis
- Treatment Outcome
- Troponin I / blood
Citations
This article has been cited 13 times.- Smanik LE, Moser DK, Rothers KP, Hackett ES. Serial venous lactate measurement following gastrointestinal surgery in horses. J Vet Sci 2022 Sep;23(5):e66.
- Bishop RC, Gutierrez-Nibeyro SD, Stewart MC, McCoy AM. Performance of predictive models of survival in horses undergoing emergency exploratory laparotomy for colic. Vet Surg 2022 Aug;51(6):891-902.
- DeNotta SL, Divers TJ. Clinical Pathology in the Adult Sick Horse: The Gastrointestinal System and Liver. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2020 Apr;36(1):105-120.
- Kopper JJ, Kogan CJ, Cook VL, Schott HC 2nd. Outcome of horses with enterocolitis receiving oncotic fluid support with either plasma or hetastarch. Can Vet J 2019 Nov;60(11):1207-1212.
- Labonté J, Dubuc J, Roy JP, Buczinski S. Prognostic Value of Cardiac Troponin I and L-Lactate in Blood of Dairy Cows Affected by Downer Cow Syndrome. J Vet Intern Med 2018 Jan;32(1):484-490.
- Roy MF, Kwong GP, Lambert J, Massie S, Lockhart S. Prognostic Value and Development of a Scoring System in Horses With Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. J Vet Intern Med 2017 Mar;31(2):582-592.
- Mizen K, Woodman J, Boysen SR, Wagg C, Greco-Otto P, Léguillette R, Roy MF. Effect of Dexamethasone on Resting Blood Lactate Concentrations in Horses. J Vet Intern Med 2017 Jan;31(1):164-169.
- McConachie E, Giguère S, Barton MH. Scoring System for Multiple Organ Dysfunction in Adult Horses with Acute Surgical Gastrointestinal Disease. J Vet Intern Med 2016 Jul;30(4):1276-83.
- Tharwat M, Al-Sobayil F. Influence of the cardiac glycoside digoxin on cardiac troponin I, acid-base and electrolyte balance, and haematobiochemical profiles in healthy donkeys (Equus asinus). BMC Vet Res 2014 Mar 12;10:64.
- Parra-Moyano LA, Cedeño A, Darby S, Johnson JP, Gomez DE. Blood and Peritoneal Lactate, Ratio and Difference, and Peritoneal Lactate to Total Solids Ratio for Detection of Intestinal Strangulating Obstructions in Horses. J Vet Intern Med 2025 Jul-Aug;39(4):e70121.
- Bayless RL, Cooper BL, Sheats MK. Extracted Plasma Cell-Free DNA Concentrations Are Elevated in Colic Patients with Systemic Inflammation. Vet Sci 2024 Sep 12;11(9).
- Mickevičienė I, Mikalauskienė D, Miknienė Z. The prognostic importance of physiological and biochemical parameters in horses afflicted with colic. Open Vet J 2024 Aug;14(8):1801-1807.
- Rapezzano G, Marcatili M, Stephenson R, Pereira R, Hallowell G, Duz M. Evaluation of peritoneal l-lactate concentration in horses in the early post-partum period. Vet Med Sci 2024 May;10(3):e1352.
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