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Home / Equine Research Bank / Viruses / Exploiting V-Gene Bias for Rapid, High-Throughput Monoclonal...
Viruses2022; 14(10); 2172; doi: 10.3390/v14102172

Exploiting V-Gene Bias for Rapid, High-Throughput Monoclonal Antibody Isolation from Horses.

Abstract: Horses and humans share a close relationship that includes both species' viromes. Many emerging infectious diseases can be transmitted between horses and humans and can exhibit mortality rates as high as 90% in both populations. Antibody biologics represents an emerging field of rapidly discoverable and potent antiviral therapeutics. These biologics can be used to provide passive immunity, as well as blueprints for the rational design of novel active vaccine antigens. Here, we exploit the limited diversity of immunoglobulin variable genes used by horses to develop a rapid, high-throughput monoclonal antibody discovery pipeline. The antibodies isolated from two horses in this study were developed with near exclusivity from a few highly related germline genes within a single IgHV and IgλV gene family and could be recovered for cloning with just three primer pairs. This variable gene pairing was compatible with both horse and human immunoglobulin G isotypes, confirming the suitability of an equine antibody discovery pipeline for developing novel therapeutics to meet the One Health approach to infectious diseases.
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Publication Date: 2022-09-30 PubMed ID: 36298728PubMed Central: PMC9609571DOI: 10.3390/v14102172Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • N.I.H.
  • Extramural

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on developing a faster and more efficient method to isolate monoclonal antibodies from horses, which can be used for combating viral diseases that can be transmitted between horses and humans.

Understanding the Research Context

  • The research is based on the understanding that horses and humans share similar viromes – the collection of viruses in and on an organism – and many emerging infectious diseases can be transmitted between these two species.
  • Such diseases can have high mortality rates in both populations, and addressing them effectively requires swift development of potent antiviral therapeutics.
  • Monoclonal antibodies are identified as potential solutions against these diseases. They can be used to provide passive immunity against viral infections, and can also serve as templates for designing novel active vaccine antigens.

Developing a Discovery Pipeline

  • The researchers propose the development of a rapid, high-throughput monoclonal antibody discovery pipeline by exploiting the limited diversity of immunoglobulin variable genes used by horses.
  • Essentially, they are leveraging the fact that antibodies in horses are often developed from a few highly related germline genes within specific gene families. This makes it easier and faster to identify suitable antibodies for therapeutic purposes.
  • In this research, the antibodies isolated from two horses were almost exclusively developed from these very specific genes, and could be recovered for cloning with just three pairs of primers (short DNA sequences).

Implication and Applications

  • The pairing of the variable genes was demonstrated to be compatible with both horse and human immunoglobulin G isotypes. This is an important development as it confirms the suitability of this equine antibody discovery pipeline, validating it as a novel and efficient strategy for developing therapeutics.
  • The researchers posit that this approach aligns with the ‘One Health’ approach to infectious diseases, which maintains that human health is closely connected with the health of animals and the environment. Therefore, the equine antibody discovery pipeline is not only beneficial for horses, but can also be used to develop therapies for humans against diseases common to both species.

Cite This Article

APA
Wibmer CK, Mashilo P. (2022). Exploiting V-Gene Bias for Rapid, High-Throughput Monoclonal Antibody Isolation from Horses. Viruses, 14(10), 2172. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14102172

Publication

Viruses
ISSN: 1999-4915
NlmUniqueID: 101509722
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 14
Issue: 10
PII: 2172

Researcher Affiliations

Wibmer, Constantinos Kurt
  • National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg 2131, South Africa.
Mashilo, Poppy
  • National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg 2131, South Africa.

MeSH Terms

  • Horses
  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Biological Products
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Vaccines

Grant Funding

  • R21 TW011454 / FIC NIH HHS

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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