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Home / Equine Research Bank / Front Vet Sci / Expression of cannabinoid (CB1 and CB2) and cannabinoid-rela...
Frontiers in veterinary science2023; 10; 1045030; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1045030

Expression of cannabinoid (CB1 and CB2) and cannabinoid-related receptors (TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα) in the synovial membrane of the horse metacarpophalangeal joint.

Abstract: The metacarpophalangeal joint undergoes enormous loading during locomotion and can therefore often become inflamed, potentially resulting in osteoarthritis (OA). There are studies indicating that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) modulates synovium homeostasis, and could be a promising target for OA therapy. Some cannabinoid receptors, which modulate proliferative and secretory responses in joint inflammation, have been functionally identified in human and animal synovial cells. Unassigned: To characterize the cellular distribution of the cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1R) and 2 (CB2R), and the cannabinoid-related receptors transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), G protein-related receptor 55 (GPR55) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) in the synovial membrane of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the horse. Unassigned: The dorsal synovial membranes of 14 equine metacarpophalangeal joints were collected post-mortem from an abattoir. Unassigned: The dorsal synovial membranes of 14 equine metacarpophalangeal joints were collected post-mortem from an abattoir. The expression of the CB1R, CB2R, TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα in synovial tissues was studied using qualitative and quantitative immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). Macrophage-like (MLS) and fibroblast-like (FLS) synoviocytes were identified by means of antibodies directed against IBA1 and vimentin, respectively. Unassigned: Both the mRNA and protein expression of the CB2R, TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα were found in the synoviocytes and blood vessels of the metacarpophalangeal joints. The synoviocytes expressed the mRNA and protein of the CB1R in some of the horses investigated, but not in all. Unassigned: Given the expression of the CB1R, CB2R, TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα in the synovial elements of the metacarpophalangeal joint, these findings encouraged the development of new studies supporting the use of molecules acting on these receptors to reduce the inflammation during joint inflammation in the horse.
Copyright © 2023 Zamith Cunha, Zannoni, Salamanca, De Silva, Rinnovati, Gramenzi, Forni and Chiocchetti.
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Publication Date: 2023-03-03 PubMed ID: 36937015PubMed Central: PMC10020506DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1045030Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on investigating the cellular distribution of certain cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in the synovial membrane (the protective layer that lines joint cavities) of the horse metacarpophalangeal joint. Their presence suggests a potential for therapies targeting these receptors to reduce joint inflammation in horses.

Understanding the Research

  • The metacarpophalangeal joint in horses carries a lot of weight, which often leads to inflammation and can result in osteoarthritis (OA). The defining characteristic of OA is the breakdown of joint cartilage, leading to painful bone-to-bone contact.
  • Prior studies suggest that the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which includes receptors and enzymes that produce and degrade cannabinoids, could potentially be a therapeutic target for OA. Cannabinoid receptors can modulate proliferative and secretory responses during joint inflammation.

Objective of the Study

  • The intent of this study was to determine the expression of certain cannabinoid receptors – 1 (CB1R) and 2 (CB2R) – and cannabinoid-related receptors – transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), G protein-related receptor 55 (GPR55) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα) – in the synovial membrane of a horse’s metacarpophalangeal joint.

Methodology of the Study

  • The research involves studying tissues post-mortem from the equine metacarpophalangeal joints using both qualitative and quantitative immunofluorescence, and quantity real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) – techniques used to measure the presence of certain proteins or genes.
  • Macrophage-like (cells that play a crucial role in innate immunity) and fibroblast-like (cells that produce the structural framework for tissues) synoviocytes were identified using specific antibodies.

Findings of the Study

  • The findings reveal that both the messenger RNA (mRNA) and proteins for CB2R, TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα were found in synoviocytes and blood vessels in the metacarpophalangeal joints. These receptors’ role in the ECS is possibly linked to the modulation of pain and inflammation.
  • The expression of CB1R was detected in the mRNA and protein of the synoviocytes of only some of the examined horses, indicating a possible variance in expression among individual animals.

Impact of the Study

  • The study’s results suggest the potential for developing therapies targeting these receptors to reduce inflammation in the joints of horses. With the expressions of CB1R, CB2R, TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα identified in the joint’s synovial elements, this paves the way for future research into the use of molecules that act on these receptors.

Cite This Article

APA
Zamith Cunha R, Zannoni A, Salamanca G, De Silva M, Rinnovati R, Gramenzi A, Forni M, Chiocchetti R. (2023). Expression of cannabinoid (CB1 and CB2) and cannabinoid-related receptors (TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα) in the synovial membrane of the horse metacarpophalangeal joint. Front Vet Sci, 10, 1045030. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1045030

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Pages: 1045030
PII: 1045030

Researcher Affiliations

Zamith Cunha, Rodrigo
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Zannoni, Augusta
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Salamanca, Giulia
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
De Silva, Margherita
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Rinnovati, Riccardo
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Gramenzi, Alessandro
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
Forni, Monica
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Chiocchetti, Roberto
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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