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Scientific reports2019; 9(1); 12674; doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49081-5

Expression of immune regulatory genes correlate with the abundance of specific Clostridiales and Verrucomicrobia species in the equine ileum and cecum.

Abstract: Billions of bacteria inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. Immune-microbial cross talk is responsible for immunological homeostasis, and symbiotic microbial species induce regulatory immunity, which helps to control the inflammation levels. In this study we aimed to identify species within the equine intestinal microbiota with the potential to induce regulatory immunity. These could be future targets for preventing or treating low-grade chronic inflammation occurring as a result of intestinal microbial changes and disruption of the homeostasis. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed on samples of intestinal microbial content from ileum, cecum, and colon of 24 healthy horses obtained from an abattoir. Expression of genes coding for IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, 18 s, TNFα, TGFβ, and Foxp3 in the ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes was measured by qPCR. Intestinal microbiota composition was significantly different in the cecum and colon compared to the ileum, which contains large abundances of Proteobacteria. Especially members of the Clostridiales order correlated positively with the regulatory T-cell transcription factor Foxp3 and so did the phylum Verrucomicrobia. We conclude that Clostridiales and Verrucomicrobia have the potential to induce regulatory immunity and are possible targets for intestinal microbial interventions aiming at regulatory immunity improvement.
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Publication Date: 2019-09-03 PubMed ID: 31481726PubMed Central: PMC6722064DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49081-5Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the relation between specific species of microbiota found in the intestines of healthy horses and the genes that contribute to regulatory immunity. It found significant correlations suggesting these microbiota could be targeted to boost regulatory immunity and control inflammation.

Study Objectives and Methods

  • The research aimed to identify bacteria in the equine intestinal microbiota that have the potential to encourage regulatory immunity, which helps control inflammation. Recognizing these could contribute to preventing or treating chronic inflammation caused by disruptions in microbial balance.
  • Data for the study was gathered using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing on intestinal microbial content samples from various parts of the digestive system (ileum, cecum, and colon) of 24 healthy horses from an abattoir.
  • The researchers also used quantitative PCR (qPCR) to measure the gene expression for IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, 18 s, TNFα, TGFβ, and Foxp3 in the ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes of the horses.

Findings and Implications

  • The study found the composition of the intestinal microbiota to be undoubtedly different in the cecum and colon compared to the ileum, with the latter featuring large abundances of Proteobacteria.
  • Specifically, members of the Clostridiales order and the phylum Verrucomicrobia correlated positively with the regulatory T-cell transcription factor Foxp3, suggesting these bacteria stimulate regulatory immunity.
  • Therefore, the researchers concluded that Clostridiales and Verrucomicrobia have the potential to induce regulatory immunity. These could become targets for interventions aiming to improve regulatory immunity in the gut by manipulating microbial populations.

Cite This Article

APA
Lindenberg F, Krych L, Fielden J, Kot W, Frøkiær H, van Galen G, Nielsen DS, Hansen AK. (2019). Expression of immune regulatory genes correlate with the abundance of specific Clostridiales and Verrucomicrobia species in the equine ileum and cecum. Sci Rep, 9(1), 12674. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49081-5

Publication

Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
NlmUniqueID: 101563288
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 12674
PII: 12674

Researcher Affiliations

Lindenberg, F
  • Brogaarden Aps, Lynge, Denmark. frederikke@lindenberg.dk.
  • University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark. frederikke@lindenberg.dk.
Krych, L
  • University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Food Science, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Fielden, J
  • Brogaarden Aps, Lynge, Denmark.
Kot, W
  • Department of Environmental Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Frøkiær, H
  • University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.
van Galen, G
  • University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nielsen, D S
  • University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Food Science, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hansen, A K
  • University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cecum / metabolism
  • Cecum / microbiology
  • Clostridiales / genetics
  • Clostridiales / isolation & purification
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome
  • Horses
  • Ileum / metabolism
  • Ileum / microbiology
  • Interleukin-6 / genetics
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / chemistry
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / metabolism
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / cytology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
  • Verrucomicrobia / genetics
  • Verrucomicrobia / isolation & purification

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest, apart from the fact that F.L. is employed by Brogaarden Diets Aps.

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