Expression of transforming growth factor beta(1), beta(3), and basic fibroblast growth factor in full-thickness skin wounds of equine limbs and thorax.
Abstract: To map the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1), TGF-beta(3), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in full-thickness skin wounds of the horse. To determine whether their expression differs between limbs and thorax, to understand the pathogenesis of exuberant granulation tissue. Methods: Six wounds were created on one lateral metacarpal area and one midthoracic area of each horse. Sequential wound biopsies allowed comparison of the temporal expression of growth factors between limb and thoracic wounds. Methods: Four 2- to 4-year-old horses. Methods: Wounds were assessed grossly and histologically at 12 and 24 hours, and 2, 5, 10, and 14 days postoperatively. ELISAs were used to measure the growth factor concentrations of homogenates of wound biopsies taken at the same timepoints. Results: TGF-beta(1) peaked at 24 hours in both locations and returned to baseline in thoracic wounds by 14 days but remained elevated in limb wounds for the duration of the study. Expression kinetics of TGF-beta(3) differed from those of TGF-beta(1). TGF-beta(3) concentrations gradually increased over time, showing a trend toward an earlier and higher peak in thoracic compared with limb wounds. bFGF expression kinetics resembled those of TGF-beta(1), but no statistically significant differences existed between limb and thoracic wounds. Conclusions: Growth factor expression is up-regulated during normal equine wound repair. TGF-beta(1) and TGF-beta(3) show a reciprocal temporal regulation. Statistically significant differences exist between limb and thoracic wounds with respect to TGF-beta(1) expression. Conclusions: The persistence of TGF-beta(1) expression in leg wounds may be related to the development of exuberant granulation tissue in this location, because TGF-beta(1) is profibrotic.
Copyright 2001 by The American College of Veterinary Surgeons
Publication Date: 2001-05-08 PubMed ID: 11340559DOI: 10.1053/jvet.2001.23341Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This study investigates the behavior of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1), TGF-beta(3), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the full-thickness skin wounds of horses, noting differences in their expression between wounds in the limbs and thorax, to gain insights into the development of excessive granulation tissue.
Background and Aim
- The research focuses on uncovering the role and pattern of expression of TGF-beta(1), TGF-beta(3), and bFGF in the full-thickness skin wounds of horses.
- It delves into whether these expressions vary depending on the location of the wound—whether on limbs or thorax.
- The objective is to comprehend the cause of exuberant granulation tissue, a common issue in wound healing in horses.
Methods
- Using four 2 to 4-year-old horses, six wounds were created on one lateral metacarpal area and one midthoracic area of each horse.
- These wounds were analyzed both visibly and histologically at different postoperative milestones: 12 and 24 hours, and 2, 5, 10, and 14 days.
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) were employed to measure the concentration of growth factors in wound biopsies obtained at these times.
Findings
- The study identifies that TGF-beta(1) shows a peak at 24 hours in both the locations and returns back to its baseline in thoracic wounds by the end of 14 days, but continually stays elevated in limb wounds.
- TGF-beta(3) manifestation over time demonstrates a gradual increase, with a slight inclination towards reaching a higher and earlier peak in thoracic wounds when compared to limb wounds.
- Although bFGF expression shows a trend similar to that of TGF-beta(1), there was no statistically significant difference observed between wounds on the limb or thorax.
Conclusions
- The researchers conclude that during the regular process of wound repair in horses, expression of growth factors is ramped up.
- Between TGF-beta(1) and TGF-beta(3), a reciprocal temporal regulation pattern is observed.
- Significant differences exist in TGF-beta(1) expression between limb and thoracic wounds, which might play a role in the occurrence of exuberant granulation tissue in the leg wounds as TGF-beta(1) is profibrotic.
Cite This Article
APA
Theoret CL, Barber SM, Moyana TN, Gordon JR.
(2001).
Expression of transforming growth factor beta(1), beta(3), and basic fibroblast growth factor in full-thickness skin wounds of equine limbs and thorax.
Vet Surg, 30(3), 269-277.
https://doi.org/10.1053/jvet.2001.23341 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Extremities
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / biosynthesis
- Horses / metabolism
- Male
- Skin / injuries
- Skin / metabolism
- Skin / pathology
- Thorax
- Transforming Growth Factor beta / biosynthesis
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1
- Transforming Growth Factor beta3
- Wound Healing
- Wounds and Injuries / metabolism
- Wounds and Injuries / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 15 times.- Ribeiro G, Carvalho L, Borges J, Prazeres J. The Best Protocol to Treat Equine Skin Wounds by Second Intention Healing: A Scoping Review of the Literature. Animals (Basel) 2024 May 18;14(10).
- Di Francesco P, Cajon P, Desterke C, Perron Lepage MF, Lataillade JJ, Kadri T, Lepage OM. Effect of Allogeneic Oral Mucosa Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Equine Wound Repair. Vet Med Int 2021;2021:5024905.
- Mund SJK, MacPhee DJ, Campbell J, Honaramooz A, Wobeser B, Barber SM. Macroscopic, Histologic, and Immunomodulatory Response of Limb Wounds Following Intravenous Allogeneic Cord Blood-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Horses. Cells 2021 Nov 1;10(11).
- Mund SJK, Kawamura E, Awang-Junaidi AH, Campbell J, Wobeser B, MacPhee DJ, Honaramooz A, Barber S. Homing and Engraftment of Intravenously Administered Equine Cord Blood-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Surgically Created Cutaneous Wound in Horses: A Pilot Project. Cells 2020 May 8;9(5).
- Supp DM. Animal Models for Studies of Keloid Scarring. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2019 Feb 1;8(2):77-89.
- Kamus LJ, Theoret C, Costa MC. Use of next generation sequencing to investigate the microbiota of experimentally induced wounds and the effect of bandaging in horses. PLoS One 2018;13(11):e0206989.
- Seabaugh KA, Thoresen M, Giguère S. Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy Increases Growth Factor Release from Equine Platelet-Rich Plasma In Vitro. Front Vet Sci 2017;4:205.
- Fukuda K, Miyata H, Kuwano A, Kuroda T, Tamura N, Kotoyori Y, Kasashima Y. Does the injection of platelet-rich plasma induce changes in the gene expression and morphology of intact Thoroughbred skeletal muscle?. J Equine Sci 2017;28(2):31-39.
- Chiarotto GB, Neves LM, Esquisatto MA, do Amaral ME, dos Santos GM, Mendonça FA. Effects of laser irradiation (670-nm InGaP and 830-nm GaAlAs) on burn of second-degree in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2014 Sep;29(5):1685-93.
- Spaas JH, Broeckx S, Van de Walle GR, Polettini M. The effects of equine peripheral blood stem cells on cutaneous wound healing: a clinical evaluation in four horses. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013 Apr;38(3):280-4.
- Ng KW, O'Conor CJ, Kugler LE, Cook JL, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. Transient supplementation of anabolic growth factors rapidly stimulates matrix synthesis in engineered cartilage. Ann Biomed Eng 2011 Oct;39(10):2491-500.
- Miragliotta V, Ipiña Z, Lefebvre-Lavoie J, Lussier JG, Theoret CL. Equine CTNNB1 and PECAM1 nucleotide structure and expression analyses in an experimental model of normal and pathological wound repair. BMC Physiol 2008 Jan 31;8:1.
- Dubuc V, Lepault E, Theoret CL. Endothelial cell hypertrophy is associated with microvascular occlusion in horse wounds. Can J Vet Res 2006 Jul;70(3):206-10.
- Engelen M, Besche B, Lefay MP, Hare J, Vlaminck K. Effects of ketanserin on hypergranulation tissue formation, infection, and healing of equine lower limb wounds. Can Vet J 2004 Feb;45(2):144-9.
- Takamiya M, Saigusa K, Nakayashiki N, Aoki Y. Studies on mRNA expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in wound healing for wound age determination. Int J Legal Med 2003 Feb;117(1):46-50.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
