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[Findings on an epidemic of human trichinelliasis verified in Italy].
Abstract: The present article completes the information already given in previous papers (Mantovani et al., 1976; Bellani et al., 1977; Mantovani, 1978) and is connected with the research on the infection of horses by Pampiglione et al. (1978). In September 1975 an epidemic of Trichinellosis involving at least 89 people was reported at Bagnolo in Piano (Reggio Emilia). This present article describes the epidemiological investigations. In the introductory part, the Trichinellosis outbreaks are summarized which were reported in Italy during this century along with research on domestic and wild animals. The Bagnolo in Piano outbreak is described with special reference to: A) onset of the disease and symptoms; B) age and sex of the patients; C) serological tests; D) isolation of Trichinella and its classification as Trichinella nelsoni by S.N. Boev. In the epidemiological survey the following is reported: A) detection of the infection source, attributed to the meat from an imported horse; B) identification of the infection period; C) exclusion of possible adulterations; D) exclusion of possible infection sources, with the exception of horse meat; E) absence of Trichinella in domestic and synanthropic animals in the involved area. The Discussion and Conclusions stress that the outbreak presented some features in common with a similar outbreak in Paris. These features consisted of a series of conditions: 1) the exceptional infection of a horse, possibly by ingestion of an infected rodent; 2) the local habit of eating raw horse meat; 3) the occurrence of the outbreak in a Trichinella-free area, which required and permitted an accurate survey.
Publication Date: 1980-01-01 PubMed ID: 7031569 The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
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Summary
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The research article details an outbreak of Trichinelliasis in Italy, believed to have been caused by consumption of infected horse meat. The article covers epidemiological investigations on this outbreak which affected 89 people in 1975, and also discards other potential sources of infection.
Epidemiological Investigations
The researchers first gathered the information from previous papers on Trichinelliasis cases, specifically in Italy. Then, they conducted a thorough investigation of the outbreak that happened in Bagnolo in Piano, Reggio Emilia, in which the following aspects were analyzed:
- Onset and Symptoms of the Disease: This described when the disease was first identified in patients, alongside the various symptoms they were manifesting.
- Age and Sex of the Patients: A profile was established to understand if there may be a pattern or any correlation between those affected, based on age and gender.
- Serological Tests: These are tests conducted in a lab to detect and measure the levels of antibodies in a patient’s serum – the part of the blood that does not clot.
- Isolation of Trichinella: The parasite causing the disease was isolated from patients and identified as Trichinella nelsoni by S.N. Boev.
Identification of Infection Source
After evaluating the diseases and collecting samples, they went forward with identifying the source of infection. This process involved:
- Detection of the infection source: After rigorous investigation, they attributed the infection to meat from an imported horse.
- Identification of the infection period: The period during which the infection was spreading among the population was determined.
- Exclusion of possible adulterations: Researchers ruled out any potential food or drug contaminations that might have led to the outbreak.
- Exclusion of possible infection sources: All other potential sources of Trichinella were ruled out, leaving horse meat as the sole source of infection.
- Absence of Trichinella in local animals: Domestic and local animals in the affected region were examined, and no trace of Trichinella was found.
Discussion and Conclusions
The outbreak shared common features with a similar occurrence in Paris, involving factors such as:
- Ingestion of an Infected Rodent: It is assumed that the infection started with a horse ingesting an infected rodent.
- Local Habit of Eating Raw Horse Meat: The tradition and practice of eating uncooked horse meat would have contributed to the spread of the infection.
- Occurrence in a Trichinella-free Zone: The outbreak occurred in a region not known for Trichinella presence, allowing a specific and focused investigation.
Cite This Article
APA
Mantovani A, Filippini I, Bergomi S.
(1980).
[Findings on an epidemic of human trichinelliasis verified in Italy].
Parassitologia, 22(1-2), 107-134.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Animals
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Disease Outbreaks / epidemiology
- Disease Reservoirs
- Female
- Horses
- Humans
- Italy
- Male
- Meat
- Middle Aged
- Sex Factors
- Swine
- Trichinellosis / epidemiology
- Trichinellosis / etiology
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Różycki M, Korpysa-Dzirba W, Bełcik A, Bilska-Zając E, Gontarczyk A, Kochanowski M, Samorek-Pieróg M, Karamon J, Rubiola S, Chiesa F, Cencek T. Validation Parameters of the Magnetic Stirrer Method for Pooled Sample Digestion for Trichinella spp. in Horse Meat Based on Proficiency Tests Results. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Nov 2;19(21).
- La Rosa G, Pozio E, Rossi P. Biochemical resolution of European and African isolates of Trichinella nelsoni Britov and Boev, 1972. Parasitol Res 1991;77(2):173-6.
- Frongillo RF, Baldelli B, Pozio E, Crapa G, Di Giuli C, Santirocchi M, Di Leonardo F. Report on an outbreak of trichinellosis in Central Italy. Eur J Epidemiol 1992 Mar;8(2):283-8.
- Dubey JP, Thompson PC, Fournet V, Hill DE, Zarlenga D, Gamble HR, Rosenthal BM. Over a century of progress on Trichinella research in pigs at the United States Department of Agriculture: Challenges and solutions. Food Waterborne Parasitol 2024 Sep;36:e00239.
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