First report of anthelmintic resistance of equine cyathostomins in Cuba.
Abstract: Anthelmintic resistance in equine cyathostomins has been described worldwide, with resistance to the benzimidazole class being particularly widespread. The status of anthelmintic efficacy in Cuba has been virtually unknown due to the lack of equine labelled products. One recent report documented suboptimal efficacy levels of extra-label albendazole products against cyathostomins, but it remains unknown to which extent benzimidazole resistance exists in the population. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of two benzimidazole products labelled for equines, fenbendazole and oxibendazole. A fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was carried out on 132 horses aged 4 months to 18 years in 14 herds, belonging to six provinces. Ten herds exhibited signs of resistance to at least one of the benzimidazoles (mean FECRT<90%). Overall, oxibendazole exhibited higher efficacy than fenbendazole (p = 0.0062), and higher efficacy levels were found in horses never dewormed before compared to those treated within 3-12 months prior to the study (p = 0.0015). Pre-treatment larval cultures revealed the presence of large strongyles and cyathostomin larvae in all herds, while only cyathostomin larvae were detected post treatment. The present work is the first report of anthelmintic resistance in equine cyathostomins in Cuba, and suggests pre-selection for resistant strains by extra-label use of albendazole on the studied farms.
Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2018-07-17 PubMed ID: 31014878DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.07.005Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Anthelmintic Resistance
- Anthelmintic Treatment
- Benzimidazoles
- Cyathostomins
- Diagnosis
- Disease
- Disease control
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Management
- Disease Prevalence
- Disease Surveillance
- Disease Treatment
- Epidemiology
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Fecal Egg Count
- Horses
- Infection
- Parasites
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
Summary
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The research article reveals the first known cases of resistance to deworming drugs (anthelmintics) in horse parasites (equine cyathostomins) in Cuba. The study evaluated how effective two deworming drugs (fenbendazole and oxibendazole) were against these parasites.
Introduction and Background
- The research focuses on the growing global problem of anthelmintic resistance, specifically amongst equine cyathostomins – small parasites that infest horses’ intestines.
- Resistance to a particular class of deworming drugs, called benzimidazoles, is increasingly common throughout the world. However, until this study, the situation in Cuba was mostly unknown because of a lack of products specifically labelled for equine use.
- Previous research indicated that a drug called albendazole, which is not specifically labelled for equine use, showed suboptimal effectiveness, suggesting possible resistance. This study extended that investigation to check for resistance to two other benzimidazoles – fenbendazole and oxibendazole.
Methodology
- In this study, researchers performed a fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT), a common measure of anthelmintic efficacy, on 132 horses in 14 different herds across six provinces in Cuba. The horses varied in age from 4 months to 18 years.
- The anthelmintic efficacy of fenbendazole and oxibendazole was tested, and results compared.
- Larval cultures were taken before and after treatment. These cultures revealed the presence of both large strongyles and cyathostomin larvae before treatment. However, only cyathostomin larvae remained after the treatment, implying resistance to both drugs.
Findings and Conclusion
- The results of the FECRT showed signs of resistance to at least one of the benzimidazoles in ten of the horse herds. These were those cases where the reduction in fecal egg count was less than 90%.
- Overall, oxibendazole was more effective than fenbendazole, although both drugs showed lower efficacy in horses that had been treated with deworming drugs in the 3 to 12 months prior to the study.
- The consistent presence of cyathostomin larvae in post-treatment samples suggests a potential pre-existing selection for resistant strains in these farms, possibly due to the extra-label use of albendazole.
- In conclusion, the report presents the first recorded instance of anthelmintic resistance in equine cyathostomins in Cuba. The results imply that benzimidazole resistance could be fairly widespread, presenting potential challenges for parasite control in Cuban equine populations.
Cite This Article
APA
Salas-Romero J, Gu00f3mez-Cabrera KA, Salas JE, Vu00e1zquez R, Arenal A, Nielsen MK.
(2018).
First report of anthelmintic resistance of equine cyathostomins in Cuba.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports, 13, 220-223.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.07.005 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Camagu00fcey Ignacio Agramonte Loynu00e1z, Cuba. Electronic address: josmel.salas@reduc.edu.cu.
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Camagu00fcey Ignacio Agramonte Loynu00e1z, Cuba.
- Escuela Fiscal Unidad Educativa Nacional Napo, Sucumbios, Ecuador.
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Camagu00fcey Ignacio Agramonte Loynu00e1z, Cuba.
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Camagu00fcey Ignacio Agramonte Loynu00e1z, Cuba.
- M.H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Anthelmintics / pharmacology
- Anthelmintics / therapeutic use
- Benzimidazoles / pharmacology
- Cuba
- Drug Resistance
- Feces / parasitology
- Female
- Horses / parasitology
- Male
- Parasite Egg Count / veterinary
- Strongyle Infections, Equine / drug therapy
- Strongyloidea / drug effects
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Nu00e1pravnu00edkovu00e1 J, Vu00e1rady M, Vadlejch J. Total Failure of Fenbendazole to Control Strongylid Infections in Czech Horse Operations.. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:833204.
- Scala A, Tamponi C, Sanna G, Predieri G, Dessu00ec G, Sedda G, Buono F, Cappai MG, Veneziano V, Varcasia A. Gastrointestinal Strongyles Egg Excretion in Relation to Age, Gender, and Management of Horses in Italy.. Animals (Basel) 2020 Dec 3;10(12).