Gram-positive bacteriocins: usage as antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine.

This research article explores the potential of using bacteriocins, specifically Gram-positive bacteriocins, as an alternative or complementary therapy to conventional antibiotics in veterinary medicine. Current applications and limitations are discussed, while highlighting the potential uses in treating various companion and production animals.

Antimicrobial Resistance and ‘One Health’

• Antimicrobial resistance is a global issue affecting both human and veterinary medicine. In response to increasing drug-resistant microbes, the ‘One Health’ approach is proposed to coordinate efforts and slow down this trend.
• Alternatives to traditional antibiotics are needed, leading to an increased interest in bacteriocins or antimicrobial peptides.

Advantages and Limitations of Gram-positive Bacteriocins

• Bacteriocins are proven to be effective against multiple pathogens, even those resistant to classic antibiotics. However, their application is limited due to challenges in their production, purification, delivery systems, and obtaining necessary regulatory approvals.
• Gram-positive bacteriocins have been the most studied type of bacteriocins so far.

Biotechnological and Nanotechnological Approaches

• To overcome some of these limitations, researchers are exploring biotechnological and nanotechnological approaches. These methods may enhance the production and distribution of bacteriocins.

Current and Potential Applications in Veterinary Medicine

• Currently, bacteriocins are used in veterinary medicine in products like udder disinfectants for dairy cattle and dermatological medicated wipes for dogs, cats, and horses.
• However, their usage extends beyond these applications, and they could represent a new frontier for antimicrobial therapy in different veterinary fields. Given their proven effectiveness, bacteriocins could at some point replace or supplement conventional antibiotics in managing animal health.