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Acta veterinaria Scandinavica1967; 8(3); 234-261; doi: 10.1186/BF03547830

Haemangioendothelioma in domestic animals.

Abstract: The study comprises 49 dogs, 2 horses, and 2 cows with haemangioendothelioma, which have been subjected to autopsy over a period of 26 years. Most of the dogs were old, and there is an over-representation of male dogs. The results also indicate that the Alsation breed of dog is particularly susceptible to these tumours, as is the Boxer to some extent. The disease was in most cases of short duration and the most common clinical symptoms were sluggishness, fever, generalized anaemia, breathing difficulties, increased thirst, and leuco-cytosis. Most of the dogs fell ill and were subjected to autopsy during the period January-May. The lungs and the heart were the most frequently affected organs, but other sites were also represented, and in most cases the tumours were multiple. The right atrium, and notably the auricle, appeared to be particularly susceptible to this type of tumour, which, owing to its haematogenic spread, was mostly found in highly vascular organs. Ruptures of the tumours were common findings, together with resulting haemorrhages to the abdominal and thoracic cavities and to the pericardium. Other tumour types, mostly benign, were seen to co-exist, and among other common autopsy findings were jaundice and transudations into serous cavities. The histological examinations indicate that the tumours can be both infiltrative and circumscribed, and that varying degrees of differentiation can be found even within the same tumour. Hyalinization and ossification of the tumour stroma occur, and the presence of haemosiderin and phagocytic cells is common. As regard the 2 horses and the 2 cows described separately, it was found that the organs involved in these cases were the same as those that prove to be most commonly involved in the dog. In other respects, too, the findings in these cases seem to agree well with those made in dogs. Das Untersuchungsmaterial umfasst 49 Hunde, 2 Pferde und 2 Rinder; diese Fälle von Hämangioendotheliom wurden während einer Zeitperiode von 26 Jahren obduziert. Die Hunde hatten in der Regel hohes Alter, und Hunde männlichen Geschlechts herrschten im Material vor. Ebenfalls fand sich eine deutliche Rassen disposition beim Schäfer und in gewissem Masse auch beim Boxer. Die Krankheitsdauer war in der Regel kurz. Die gewöhnlichsten klinischen Symptome waren Mattheit, Fieber, allgemeine Anämie, Atembeschwerden, gesteigerter Durst und Leukozytose. Die Mehrzahl der Hunde erkrankte und wurden obduziert in den Monaten Januari bis Mai. Meist waren Lungen und Herz angegriffen, aber auch andere Organe waren zahlreich vertreten, wobei es sich meistenteils um multiples Vorkommen handelte. Die rechte Vorkammer und speziell das rechte Herzohr bildeten den Prädilektionssitz dieses Tumors, den man übrigens infolge seiner hämatogenen Verbreitung meist in gefässreichen Organen wiederfindet. Eine Ruptur der Geschwülste war gewöhnlich mit Blutungen in die Bauch- und Brusthöhle sowie in den Herzbeutel zum Folge. Geschwülste anderer Art, meist bösartige, wurden gleichzeitig beobachtet, und von übrigen gewöhnlichen Sektionsbefunden sind Ikterus und Transsudationen in seröse Höhlen hervorzuheben. Aus den histologischen Untersuchungen geht hervor, dass diese Tumoren sowohl infiltrative als auch begrenzende Tendenz haben können, und dass selbst innerhalb derselben Geschwulst verschiedene Differenzierungsgrade gewöhnlich vorkommen. Hyalinisierung und Verknöcherung des Geschwulststromas wurden wahrgenommen, und Hämosiderin sowie phagozytierende Zellen sind ein gewöhnlicher Befund. Bei den beiden Pferden und Rindern, deren Untersuchungsergebnisse für sich beschrieben werden, waren dieselben Organe wie beim Hund am gewöhnlichsten angegriffen. Auch im übrigen stimmen die Resultate mit den im Hundematerial festgestellten gut überein. Undersökningen omfattar 49 hundar, 2 hästar och 2 nötkreatur med hämangioendoteliom, vilka har obducerats under en period av 26 år. Hundarna har i regel varit av hög ålder, och materialet visar en överrepresentation av hanhundar. Likaledes har en tydlig rasdisposition framkommit vad beträffar schäfer, och i viss mån även boxer. Sjukdomstiden har i regel varit kort, och vanligaste kliniska symtom har varit slöhet, feber, allmän anämi, andningssvårigheter, ökad törst samt leukocytos. Flertalet hundar har insjuknat och obducerats under månaderna januari-maj. Av angripna organ är lungor och hjärta de mest förekommande, men även andra organ är rikligt representerade och mestadels har det varit fråga om en multipel förekomst. Höger förmak och speciellt höger hjärtöra har framstått som predilektionsställe för denna tumör, vilken för övrigt genom sin hämatogena spridning mest återfinns i kärlrika organ. Ruptur av svulsterna är vanligt, med blödningar till buk- och brösthåla samt hjärtsäck som följd. Svulster av andra slag, mestadels benigna, har setts samtidigt, och av övriga vanliga sektionsfynd kan framhållas ikterus samt transsudationer till serösa kaviteter. Av de histologiska undersökningarna framgår att tumörerna kan vara både infiltrativa och avgränsade, samt att olika differentieringsgrader är vanliga även inom samma tumör. Hyalinisering och förbening av svulststromat har setts och förekomst av hämosiderin och fagocyterande celler är vanligt. Av de 2 hästar och 2 nötkreatur, som beskrivits var för sig, framgår, att de hos dem angripna organen har varit de som även hos hund visat sig vanligast. Även i övrigt synes dessa väl överensstämma med vad som framkommit hos hundmaterialet.
Publication Date: 1967-01-01 PubMed ID: 5625272PubMed Central: PMC8753746DOI: 10.1186/BF03547830Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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The research article discusses a 26-year-long autopsy study of haemangioendothelioma, a rare type of tumor, in 49 dogs, 2 horses, and 2 cows. It outlines the most common symptoms, the organs which are often affected, along with frequent autopsy findings.

Research Study Subjects and Duration

  • The research studied 49 dogs, 2 horses, and 2 cows over a period of 26 years.
  • The majority of these subjects were old dogs, with a significant over-representation of male dogs.
  • Among dogs, the Alsation and Boxer breeds appeared to be notably susceptible to these tumors.

Symptoms and Disease Duration

  • The disease typically had a short duration.
  • Common symptoms included sluggishness, fever, generalized anaemia, breathing difficulties, increased thirst, and leuco-cytosis (a high white blood cell count).
  • Most of the dogs fell ill and were autopsied between January and May.

Tumor Locations and Common Findings

  • The lungs and heart were the organs most frequently affected by these tumors, but other organs could also be impacted.
  • Generally, the tumors were found in multiple locations within the affected animals.
  • The right atrium, particularly the auricle (the outer projecting part of the ear), was highly susceptible to this type of tumor.
  • Ruptures of these tumors were common, typically leading to haemorrhages in the abdominal and thoracic cavities and the pericardium (the membrane enclosing the heart).
  • Other benign tumor types were often seen to co-exist with haemangioendothelioma, and jaundice and transudations (the movement of fluid with low protein content) into serous cavities was also a frequent autopsy finding.

Histological Examinations

  • The histological examinations revealed that the tumors could be both infiltrative (spreading into the surrounding tissues) and circumscribed (clearly defined).
  • Varying degrees of differentiation could be found within the same tumor, and it was common to find hyalinization (hyaline degeneration) and ossification (formation of bone tissue) of the tumor stroma (the supporting framework of a biological cell).
  • The presence of haemosiderin (a form of iron-storage complex) and phagocytic cells (cells that engulf harmful foreign particles, bacteria, or dead/ dying cells) was also common.

Findings in Other Animals

  • Similar to dogs, the same organs were most commonly involved in horses and cows.
  • In general, the findings in these cases strongly agreed with those observed in dogs.

Cite This Article

APA
Waller T, Rubarth S. (1967). Haemangioendothelioma in domestic animals. Acta Vet Scand, 8(3), 234-261. https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03547830

Publication

ISSN: 0044-605X
NlmUniqueID: 0370400
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Pages: 234-261

Researcher Affiliations

Waller, T
    Rubarth, S

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Cattle
      • Cattle Diseases
      • Dog Diseases
      • Dogs
      • Female
      • Hemangioendothelioma / veterinary
      • Horse Diseases
      • Horses
      • Male

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      Citations

      This article has been cited 2 times.
      1. Fruchter AM, Miller CW, O'grady MR. Echocardiographic results and clinical considerations in dogs with right atrial/auricular masses.. Can Vet J 1992 Mar;33(3):171-4.
        pubmed: 17423963
      2. Hirsch VM, Jacobsen J, Mills JH. A retrospective study of canine hemangiosarcoma and its association with acanthocytosis.. Can Vet J 1981 May;22(5):152-5.
        pubmed: 7195770